ผลของโปรแกรมการสร้างเสริมการรับรู้ความสามารถตนเองต่อพฤติกรรมสุขภาพ ของผู้สูงอายุโรคความดันโลหิตสูงที่ควบคุมระดับความดันโลหิตไม่ได้

Thanyanan Akrapalat; Kanyarat Kiatmetha

Authors

Thanyanan Akrapalat Faculty of Nursing, Western University, Watcharapol Campus
Kanyarat Kiatmetha Faculty of Nursing, Western University, Watcharapol Campu

Keywords:

older adults, hypertension, self-efficacy, health behaviors

Abstract

Introduction: Uncontrolled hypertension in older adults is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Effective management of hypertension is therefore of paramount importance.

Research objectives: To evaluate the effects of a self-efficacy enhancement program on health behaviors among older adults with uncontrolled hypertension.

Research methodology: This quasi-experimental study employed a two-group, pretest-posttest design. Fifty-six older adults with uncontrolled hypertension were equally assigned into an experimental group and a control group. Research instruments included: 1) screening tools: the MMSE-Thai 2002 and a stress assessment form; 2) data collection tools: an interview form assessing demographic data, medication adherence, dietary control and exercise behaviors; 3) the experimental intervention, which was a 12-week self-efficacy enhancement program. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired-sample t-tests, and independent-sample t-tests.

Results: Following the intervention, the experimental group demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in mean blood pressure compared to the control group (p < .001). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding self-efficacy towards health behaviors-specifically dietary intake, medication adherence, and physical activity-after the intervention (p > .05).

Conclusions: This program was unable to improve health behaviors. However, it was effective in reducing blood pressure levels among older adults with uncontrolled hypertension.

Implications: Although no significant differences were observed in health behavior modifications, this program can serve as a guideline for reducing blood pressure levels in older adults with uncontrolled hypertension.

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