การพัฒนาโปรแกรมส่งเสริมการจัดการตนเองร่วมกับ นวัตกรรมส่งเสริมการออกกำลังกายของผู้ป่วยหลังติดเชื้อโควิด-19

Urai Nirotnun; Worarat Magteppong; Maneerat Aiamanan

Authors

Urai Nirotnun Faculty of Nursing, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi
Worarat Magteppong Faculty of Nursing, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi
Maneerat Aiamanan Faculty of Nursing, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi

Keywords:

self-management, program, innovation, exercise, post- COVID-19

Abstract

Introduction: A substantial proportion of post-COVID-19 patients experience persistent symptoms (Long COVID), which adversely affect their quality of life. Therefore, physical rehabilitation through structured exercise and self-management is essential for the recovery process.

Research objectives: The purposes of this research were: 1) to explore the current situation and self-care needs of post-COVID-19 patients; 2) to develop a self-management promotion program integrated with an exercise innovation; 3) to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed program.

Research methodology: This research and development (R&D) study was conducted in three phases: 1) situational and needs analysis; 2) development of the self-management program and exercise innovation; 3) evaluation of the program's effectiveness. The third phase employed a quasi-experimental, two-group pretest-posttest design. The sample consisted of 78 post-COVID-19 patients, allocated to an experimental group (n = 39) and a control group (n = 39). Data were collected using measures of 1) fatigue, 2) insomnia, and 3) self-management behaviors. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics and t-tests.

Results: The findings revealed that: 1) there is a crucial need for educational media on post-COVID-19 symptom management. 2) The self-management program combined with the exercise innovation facilitated appropriate health practices and promoted both physical and mental recovery. 3) After the intervention, mean fatigue and insomnia scores in the experimental group were significantly lower than the baseline and significantly lower than those of the control group (p < .001). Furthermore, the mean self-management behaviors score in the experimental group was significantly higher than the baseline and higher than that in the control group (p < .001).

Conclusions: The developed program was effective in enhancing self-management and reducing fatigue and insomnia among post- COVID-19 patients.

Implications: Healthcare professionals should implement this program in clinical practice for post-COVID-19 care to promote self-management, thereby accelerating physical and psychological rehabilitation.

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