ปัจจัยทำนายพฤติกรรมการป้องกันโรคติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนา 2019 ของนักศึกษาพยาบาล คณะพยาบาลศาสตร์ สถาบันพระบรมราชชนก

Chayaporn  Ekthamasuth; Punyawadee  Thongkaew; Nunthida  Wadyim; Pattra  Suwannato

Authors

Chayaporn Ekthamasuth Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Bangkok, Faculty of Nursing
Punyawadee Thongkaew Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Bangkok, Faculty of Nursing
Nunthida Wadyim Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Bangkok, Faculty of Nursing
Pattra Suwannato Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Bangkok, Faculty of Nursing

Keywords:

preventive behavior, coronavirus 2019, nursing students

Abstract

Introduction: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected nursing students’ health residing together in the dormitory and learning clinical nursing practice in the same hospital or clinical setting. Therefore, if these students lack of knowledge, unawareness, and misunderstand the appropriate infection control of the pandemic, their health and continuing professional development will be affected.

Research objective: The study aimed to examine factors influencing COVID-19 preventive behaviors among nursing students in faculty of nursing, Praboromarajchanok Institute.

Methodology: This study employed a cross-sectional analytical approach. The modified Health Belief Model (HBM) proposed by Baker and colleagues was used as a framework of the study. Participants were 565 nursing students from seven Borommarajonani colleges of nursing, faculty of nursing, Praboromarajchanok Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand. They were the first-, second-, third- and fourth- year nursing students during the academic year of 2021. A stratified random sampling method was used to recruit the participants. Data were collected using a Google survey tool and shared it via a social networking site (Line application). Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 23.0) was used to analyze data. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, Spearman rank correlation coefficients, and Stepwise Multiple Logistic Regression were performed to describe the variables.

Results: Factors significantly related to COVID-19 preventive behaviors among nursing students were nursing college location, level of perceived knowledge, and all 6 constructs of health perception (p<.05). Moreover, level of knowledge and hometown location together significantly explained 9.70% (p<.05) of the variance of COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Also, self- efficacy significantly explained 38% (R²=.38, p<.05) of the variance of COVID-19 preventive behaviors among nursing students.

Conclusions: Engaging in the preventive health behavior of each individual depends on level of his or her self-efficacy in preventive behaviors.

Implications: The results of the study provide the empirical data for healthcare professions to develop health literacy effective campaigns to maximize self-efficacy in COVID-19 preventive behavior and would be applied to educate patients and clients.

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