The Development of Causal Relationship Model of Factors Influencing on Job Performance of Nursing Instruction under The Public Educational Institutions
Keywords:
causal relationship model, factors influencing, job performance, nursing instructorsAbstract
This study aimed to: 1) develop a causal relationship of factors influencing on job performance; 2) validate the conformance between empirical evidence and the model; and 3) examine the effect size of factors affecting on job performance. Multi-stage random sampling method was used to recruite 615 nursing instructors under the public educational institution to the study. Research instruments included a set of questionnaires to measure transformational leadership, job satisfaction, work engagement, organization citizenship behavior, and job performance. Their reliability coefficients were .98, .94, .95, .92, and .95, respectively. Confirmatory factors were employed to assess the instruments’ validity. Path analysis was employed to analyze causal relationship of factors influencing job performance.
Findings revealed that by using the causal relationship model, the transformational leadership had direct effect on job satisfaction work engagement and job performance. Transformational leadership had an indirect effects on job performance mediating through job satisfaction, work engagement, and job performance; it also had indirect effect on job performance through job satisfaction, work engagement, and organization citizenship behavior. Moreover, the causal relationship model conformed to the empirical evidence (x2 = 87.98; df= 108; p= . 02749; GFI = .98; AGFI = .983; RMR = 0.002 ; RMSEA =.021). The causal relationship model explained 73% of the variance in job performance. Job satisfaction and organization citizenship behavior directly affected job performance in a positive correlation with effect sizes of 0.77, and 0.68, respectively. Job satisfaction also indirectly affected job performance in a positive correlation through work engagement, and organization citizenship behavior, with the effect size of 0.98, and 0.67, respectively. The transformational leadership of the principal, according to perceptions of the personnel, had a negative direct effect (-0.51) on job performance. Moreover, it had indirect effect through job satisfaction, work engagement, and organization citizenship behavior with effect size of -0.41, 0.67 and, 0.68, respectively. The results could be used to develop the performance of nursing instructors in public institutions.
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References
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36. Rodjanawiphat N. Influence of school administrator’s shared leadership on job performance for
teachers of basic education private schools in Bangkok metropolitan mediating role conflict, role
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37. Supparerkchaisakul N. A study of multilevel structructural equation modeling on leadership,
learning strand and personal factors affecting social exchange network in the workplace and
the affective outcome variables of secondary school teachers and learning stramd leaders in
Bangkok. [doctoral’s thesis].Bangkok]: Srinakharinwirot University. 2007. (in Thai)
38. Jaemtim N. Antecedents of engagement and empowerment impact on job performance and
organization citizenship behavior of nursing instructors of Boromarajonani college of nursing the
ministry of public health. [doctor’s thesis]. [Bangkok]: Kasetsart University. 2014.
39. Phengphit S, Influences of work motivation, employee commitment and organizational
citizenship behavior on the work performance of employees of public companies providing
mobile phone services in Thailand. [doctor’s thesis]. [Bangkok]: Ramkhamhaeng University. 2014.
40. Duchscher JE, Cowin L. Multigenerational Nurses in the Workplace. JONA 2004 [cited 2107 Jan 9];
34(11): 493-501 Available from: https: //pdfs semanticscholar.org/f53c/4c06c7c4ab 5f5fae1e
615176cb0e2655c491.pdf
41. Judge T A, Piccolo RF. Transformational and transactional leadership: a meta-analytic test of their
relative validity. Journal of Applied Psychology. 2004 [cited 2017 Jan 15] 9(5), 755-68. Available
from: http://www. panglossinc. com/TA-TF%20Paper--JAP%20published.pdf
2. National Statistical Office [Internet]. 2017. Population from the register classified by age group and
region, 2007-2016. [cited 2017 May 7] Available from http://www.nso.go.th /sites /2014
3. Srisuphan W, Sawaengdee K. Recommended policy-based solutions to shortage of registered nurses in Thailand. Thai Journal of Nursing Council 2012;27(1):5-12. (in Thai)
4. Nursing Council. Institute of nursing and midwifery certification. Bangkok: Golden Point Co., Ltd.; 2013. (in Thai)
5. Nursing Council. [Internet]. 2016. Nursing Council: List of educational institutes in Thailand. [cited
2017 Aug 31] Available from http://www.tnmc.or.th/files/ 2010/12/ page-448/1_1_11575.pdf (in Thai)
6. Robbin SP. Organizational behavior. 11thed. New Jersey: Pearson Education. 2005.
7. Sroythong P. The relationship between organizational climate and job satisfaction of government
officials in the office of teacher civil service commission. [Master’s thesis]. [Bangkok]: Srinakharinwirot
University; 2001. (in Thai)
8. Piccolo RF, Colquitt JA. Transformational leadership and job behaviors: the mediating role of core
job characteristics. Academy of Management Journal 2006;49:327-40.
9. Boerner S, Eisenbeiss, SA, Griesser D. Follower behavior and organizational performance: the Impact
of transformational leaders. Journal of leadership & organizational studies 2007;13 (3):15-26.
10. Gadot EV. Leadership style, organizational politics, and employees' performance: an empirical
examination of two competing models. Personnel Review [Internet]. 2007. [cited 2017 March 15];
36(5): 661–83. Available form http://dx.doi. org/ 10.1108/00483480710773981
11. Jiao C, Richards DA., Zhang K. Leadership and organizational citizenship behavior: OCB-specific
meanings as mediators. Journal of Business and Psychology, 2011 [cited 2017 Feb 13]; 26(1):11-25.
Available from doi: 10.1007/s10869-010-9168-3.
12. Phunthai K. The influence of leadership behaviors, organizational culture and human resource
development on employee performance in state enterprises. Parichart Journal. 2009; 22(1) 79-89. (in Thai).
13. Intep PP. Effects of transformational leadership on job performance mediating job measures of
general Pariyatti Dhamma school teachers in Thailand [doctoral’s thesis]. [Bangkok]: Saint John’s
University; 2011. (in Thai)
14. Nilpayak T. Development of causal model of transformational leadership effected on job
performance mediating job performance mediating job characteristic, motivation and Job
satisfaction for officers in satisfaction for officers in department of water resources, ministry of
natural resources and environment. [doctoral’s thesis] [Bangkok]: Saint John’s University. 2012.
(in Thai)
15. Pokkrong P, Kajornsin B, Kajornsin S. Effects of transformational leadership on job performance
mediating job satisfaction and organizational commitment of officials in register offices of public
universities. Journal of Education Research Faculty of Education Srinakharinwirot University.
[Internet]. 2015; 9(2): 101-15. [cited 2017 Jan 20]; Available from: http://ejournals.swu.ac.th/index.
php/jre/article/view/6622 (in Thai)
16. Jankingthong K. Structural Equation Model of the Relationship of Behavior toward the Polices’
Performance in Southern Border Provinces of Thailand. Journal of Management Sciences [Internet].
2016. [cited 2017 Jan 3]; 33(1): 1-24. Available from: https://www.tci-thaijo.Org/index.php/
jmspsu /article / view/61551 /50714 (in Thai)
17. Chusuk T, Keiwkarnka B, Chomson S, Imame N. The causal relationship model of factors
influencing role performance of village health volunteers in public health region 18. J Pub Health
[Internet]. 2012 [cited 2017 Jan 10]; 10(1): 63-7. Availablefrom: http://www.aihd.aihd.mahidol.ac.
th/sites/default/files/images/ new/pdf /journal/2012/Journal10-3/Journal10-3_7.pdf (in Thai)
18. Choi SL, Goh CF, Adam MBH, Tan OK. Transformational leadership, empowerment, and job
satisfaction: the mediating role of employee empowerment. Human Resources for Health
[Internet]. 2016 [cited 2017 March 8] 14(1), [73]. Available from: https://human-resources-health.
biomedcentral.com /articles/10.1186/s12960-016-0171-2
19. Bothma FC, Roodt, GR. Work-Based Identity and Work Engagement as Potential antecedents of
task performance and turnover intention: unravelling a complex relationship. SA Journal of
Industrial Psychology [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2017 Jan 8]; 38 (1):1-17. Available from: doi:10.4102/
sajip.v38i1.8 93
20. Kovjanic S. Schuh SC. Jonas K. Transformational leadership and performance: An experimental
investigation of the mediating effects of basic needs satisfaction and work engagement.. Journal
of Occupational and Organizational Psychology. [Internet]. 2013; 86(4), 543-55. [cited 2017 Jan 1];
Available from: doi/ 10.1111/joop .12022
21. Rich BL, Lepine J.A.. Crawford ER. Job engagement: Antecedents and effects on job performanceAcademy
of Management Journal. [Internet]. 2010; 53(3), 617-35 [cited 2017 Feb 13] ;
Available from: https://www.researchgate. net/publication/258130125_Job _engagement _
Antecedents_and_effects_on_job_performance
22. Hair JF, Black WC, Babin B, Aderson RE. Multivariate data analysis a global perspective. 7thed. New York; Pearson. 2010.
23. Avolio BJ, Bass BM. Multifactor leadership questionnaire: 3rded. manual and sampler set. RedwoodCity: Calif. Mind Garden: 2004.
24. Noparoojinda S. Leadership factors for nursing college administrators under the jurisdiction of the
ministry of public health. [doctoral’s thesis]. Nakornpratom: Silapakorm University; 2010 (in Thai).
25. Herzberge F. (1959). The motivation to work. New York: Wiley.
26. Spector PE. Job satisfaction: application, assessment, causes, and consequences. California: Thousand
Oaks: Sage. 1997.
27. Schaufeli W, Bakker A. Utrecht Work Engagement. [Internet] 2003 [cited 2017 Jan 3]: 1-60. Available
from: http://www.wilmarschaufeli.nl/publications/ manual_UWES_English.pdf.
28. Organ DW. Organizational citizenship behavior: It’s construct clean-up Time. human performance,
10, 85-97. 1997.
29. Borman W C, Motowidlo S M. Expanding the criterion domain to include elements of contextual
performance. In: Schmitt M, Borman WC, editors. Personnel selection in organizations. San Francisco:
Jossey-Bass Publishers. 1993. p. 71–97.
30. Nursing Council. Institute of nursing and midwifery. Announcement of the Nursing Council scope
and competencies of register nurse 2009 [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2017 Jan 3] Available from: http://
www.tnc.or.th/ files/2016/09/page-44708/__28294.pdf
31. Kajornsin B. Educational research methodology (5thed). Bangkok: P.N. Printing. 2000. (in Thai)
32. Kunlong S. [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2017 July 1]; Available from: http://www. ipernity.com/
blog/252172/ 477413
33. Wiratchai N. Lisrel model for research. 3rded. Bangkok: Chulalongkotn university press. 1999. (in Thai)
34. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for behavioral sciences. 2nd ed. USA. Lawrence Erlbaum
Associates. 1988.
35. Sani A, Maharani V. The impacts of transformational leadership and organizational commitment
on Job performance with the among lecturers of faculty in the Islamic Maulana Malik Ibrahim
Malang University: the mediating effects of organizational citizenship behavior. International
Journal of Academic Research [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2017 Jan 3]; 4(4), 99-103. Available from:
http://fe.uin-malang.ac.id/wp-content/ uploads/201218B-14.pdf
36. Rodjanawiphat N. Influence of school administrator’s shared leadership on job performance for
teachers of basic education private schools in Bangkok metropolitan mediating role conflict, role
ambiguity and job satisfaction. [doctoral’s thesis].Bangkok] Saint John’s University. 2012. (in Thai)
37. Supparerkchaisakul N. A study of multilevel structructural equation modeling on leadership,
learning strand and personal factors affecting social exchange network in the workplace and
the affective outcome variables of secondary school teachers and learning stramd leaders in
Bangkok. [doctoral’s thesis].Bangkok]: Srinakharinwirot University. 2007. (in Thai)
38. Jaemtim N. Antecedents of engagement and empowerment impact on job performance and
organization citizenship behavior of nursing instructors of Boromarajonani college of nursing the
ministry of public health. [doctor’s thesis]. [Bangkok]: Kasetsart University. 2014.
39. Phengphit S, Influences of work motivation, employee commitment and organizational
citizenship behavior on the work performance of employees of public companies providing
mobile phone services in Thailand. [doctor’s thesis]. [Bangkok]: Ramkhamhaeng University. 2014.
40. Duchscher JE, Cowin L. Multigenerational Nurses in the Workplace. JONA 2004 [cited 2107 Jan 9];
34(11): 493-501 Available from: https: //pdfs semanticscholar.org/f53c/4c06c7c4ab 5f5fae1e
615176cb0e2655c491.pdf
41. Judge T A, Piccolo RF. Transformational and transactional leadership: a meta-analytic test of their
relative validity. Journal of Applied Psychology. 2004 [cited 2017 Jan 15] 9(5), 755-68. Available
from: http://www. panglossinc. com/TA-TF%20Paper--JAP%20published.pdf
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Published
2019-01-01
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สุประดิษฐ์ บ, ขจรศิลป์ บ, ณ สุนทร ธ. The Development of Causal Relationship Model of Factors Influencing on Job Performance of Nursing Instruction under The Public Educational Institutions. JBCN_Bangkok [internet]. 2019 Jan. 1 [cited 2026 Jan. 28];35(1):199-213. available from: https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/bcnbangkok/article/view/189198
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Article published Is the copyright of the Journal of Health and Nursing Research (Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Bangkok) Cannot be republished in other journals
