Guillain-Barre Syndrome in Lampang Hospital

Main Article Content

Chatchai Ekwitayawechnukul

Abstract

Background: Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an acute polyradiculoneuropathy that can cause morbidity and mortality. Clinical data of this syndrome is lacked in Lampang Hospital.
Objective: To study the incidence of GBS and its prognostic factors in Lampang Hospital.
Material and method: An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted on the patients aged above 15 years who were diagnosed with GBS in Lampang Hospital between October 2008 and September 2010. The general data, clinical data, electrodiagnosis and treatment outcomes were retrospectively reviewed. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics. Odds ratio was calculated
for comparing between the severe (GBS disability score 3-6) and mild groups (GBS disability score 0-2) by using student t-test, Fisher exact test and chi-square test.
Results: Twenty-five patients enrolled the study (M:F = 14:11). The GBS incidence was 5.12 per 100,000 patient-year. The mean age was 46.2 ± 18.6 years. The most common type was acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (60%). Fifteen patients were classified as severe group, among these two were died. The factors related to severe condition were preceding diarrhea
(OR=1.91, 95%CI 1.27–2.87, p = 0.032) and initial presentation with respiratory failure (OR=2.67, 95%CI 1.42–5.02, p = 0.002). The severe group significantly had higher cost of treatment (152,103 ± 145,002 baht vs 8,187 ± 3,030 baht, p<0.001). In severe group, four patients who received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and another four who underwent plasmapheresis significantly had
lower GBS disability score than the patients who had conservative treatment (p=0.002) but the mortality rate was not different. The mortality rate and lowered GBS disability score in IVIg group were not different from the plasmapheresis group.
Conclusion: The incidence of GBS in Lampang Hospital was higher than worldwide incidence. Poor prognostic factors were preceding diarrhea and initial presentation with respiratory failure. IVIG or plasmapheresis in severe case significantly increased the treatment cost but lessened the disability.

Article Details

How to Cite
Ekwitayawechnukul, C. . (2022). Guillain-Barre Syndrome in Lampang Hospital. Lampang Medical Journal, 31(3), 105–114. Retrieved from https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/LMJ/article/view/259838
Section
Original Article

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