Predictive Factors of Postoperative Delirium among Older Adults Undergoing Major Surgery in the Eastern Region of Thailand
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Abstract
This predictive research aimed to examine predictive factors of delirium among older adults undergoing major surgery. A simple random sampling technique was used to recruit 132 older adults undergoing major surgery, who met the inclusion criteria. Depression, perioperative anxiety, and delirium were assessed by the Thai Geriatric Depression Scale: Short Version (TGD-15), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y-1 (STAI Form Y-1), and the Thai Delirium Rating Scale (TDRS), which demonstrated Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of .87, .86, and .93, respectively. Pain Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) was used for measuring pain intensity, with a test-retest reliability of .94. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and stepwise multiple regression.
The research findings revealed that 22.70% of the older adults experienced postoperative delirium. Factors with the highest predictive power for postoperative delirium were depression (ß = .452, p ≤ 0.001), followed by age (ß = .290, p ≤ .001), number of medications (ß = .258, p ≤ .001), and postoperative pain (ß = .172, p ≤ .001) respectively. These four factors explained 64.7% of the variance for postoperative delirium (R² = .647, p≤.001). Thus, nurses and health care providers should consider the effects of these contributing factors on postoperative delirium among older adults undergoing major surgery and devise a program to prevent and alleviate postoperative delirium in older adults undergoing major surgery.
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