Development of an Exercise Program (5Es) to Improve Health Status of Obese Elderly in Nakean District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province
Keywords:
Elderly, Obesity, Health Status, Exercise ProgramAbstract
This research and development aimed to: 1) study health status of elder people with obesity in Nakean sub-district of Nakhon Si Thammarat, 2) develop an exercise program to improve their health, 3) study the effectiveness of the exercise program on health status of participants. Firstly, in order to collect information on obesity problems, focus groups were held with 9 community leaders. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. Secondly, the exercise program was developed, based on the 5Es. Research instrument was validated by 3 experts (IOC=.8). Its reliability was tested, with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient equal to .84. Thirdly, the effectiveness of the exercise program was tested among 45 elderly with obesity. Reliability of questionnaire was tested using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, yielding a value of .83. Data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, Paired t-test, and Wilcoxon signs rank test. The results showed as follows.
1. The percentage of elderly in community with obesity was 33.66, most of them having non communicable diseases such as hypertension (38.36%) and diabetes mellitus (16.24%). Most of elderly with obesity had a habit to eating foods containing starch, fat and cholesterol. The exercising activities of the elderly in community were walking, cycling, folk art Plong stick, matrix of nine squares, aerobics, and Ruesi Dut Ton (the Thai Hermit exercise).
2. The development of 5Es exercise program for the elderly with obesity included Expectation, Education, Exercise, Empowerment, and Elderly Tonkla.
3. After using the 5Es exercise program for obese elderly, the body compositions (waist circumference, body mass index) were decreased with statistical significance (p<.05). Triceps skinfold was also decreased with statistical significance (p<.001).
The findings suggest that the developed exercise program (5Es) should be applied for elderly people.
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