Improving Postpartum Care Practices in Nursing Students: the Development and Validation of a Mobile Application as an Instructional Media
Keywords:
Mobile Application, Nursing Students, Postpartum CareAbstract
This research and development study aimed to explore situations, problems, and obstacles in learning the maternal and newborn nursing and midwifery (MNM) course, so to develop a mobile application as instructional media. Learning achievements after using the application and complete a nursing practicum were compared, and students’ satisfaction with the application was measured. Samples were senior nursing students at the Boromarajonani College of Nursing in Nakhon Ratchasima, during the academic year 2016. Research procedures were divided into four phases: R1, D1, R2, and D2. In R1, situations of learning the MNM course were analyzed in 151 senior students by using a questionnaire and focus groups. D1 was when the application was developed by applying the system development life cycle (SDLC). Its content validity was approved by five experts in obstetrics nursing, nursing education, educational tests and measurements, as well as in educational technology. During R2, the researchers purposely recruited 60 junior students, who were equally assigned into an experimental (using the application) and a control group (not using the application). Finally, in D2, after completing nursing practicum in the postpartum units, the researchers asked 30 junior students in the experiment group to rate their satisfaction towards the application. Research instruments were the developed application, the Postpartum Care Learning Achievement Test (PCLAT), a satisfaction survey questionnaire, as well as a semi-structured interview guideline. Data were analyzed by using content analysis, descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and paired sample t-test.
The results revealed that the efficiency of the application to learn postpartum care for nursing students was equal to 84.97/80.76, which was higher than set criteria (E1/E2 = 80/80). After the experiment, there was a significant effect of the PCLAT (t (29) = -10.116, p = .000) for both the control group (M = 11.90, SD = 2.23) and the experiment group (M =18.17, SD = 2.26). There was a significant effect (t (29) = 7.56, p = .000) for the pretest average score (M =18.17, SD = 2.26) and the posttest (M =11.9, SD = 2.23) of the PCLAT in the experimental group. Students were satisfied with the application at a high level (M = 4.63, SD = .40). The overall result from this research and development is that the instructional media is suitable for nursing students. Procedures of this research can be used to guide future researches for developing instructional media for other topics or platforms such as virtual 3-D image.
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