The Effects of Dietary Management with Physical Activity Program among Blood Sugar Level of Pre-Diabetic Mellitus in Thung Yai District Nakhon Si Thammarat Province
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Abstract
Background: Diabetes Mellitus is caused by impaired insulin secretion or abnormal insulin function, resulting in chronic high blood sugar levels. Dietary management with physical activity program can help enhance insulin secretion, insulin function, and can assist in reducing blood sugar levels with pre-diabetic mellitus.
Material and methods: This quasi-experimental, two group pretest-posttest designs. The sample consists of pre-diabetic mellitus with baseline blood sugar levels between 100 to 125 mg/dL. experimental group (n=35) received dietary management with physical activity program for 12 weeks and the control group (n=35) received no interventions. The study was conducted from November 2022 to February 2023. Data were collected using 2 parts of the interview questionnaire: 1) personal characteristics and 2) dietary behavior and physical activity. A blood glucose test measures the glucose levels with Lab Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS). Statistical analysis included: percentages, means, standard deviations, and Chi-square test, Paired t-test, and Independent t-test.
Result: The results of the experimental group's mean blood glucose decreased from 116.40 (SD= 5.28) to 101.91 (SD= 4.21) mg/dL (95% CI= 12.05 to 16.92), this was statistically significant (p< .05), while the control group had mean blood glucose from 116.11 (SD= 5.62) to 115.77 (SD= 6.06) mg/dL (95% CI= -0.40 to – 1.08). There was not a statistically significant difference (p> .05) and compared between groups, it was found that the mean blood glucose of the experimental group was 13.86 mg/dl lower than the control group (95% CI = -16.35 to -11.37) and this was statistically significant (p< .05).
Conclusion: The program can be used as a guideline for pre-diabetics because improving insulin secretion and function, can help with the management of blood glucose levels. However, it should also continue to monitor long-term blood glucose level.
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