The Comparison Of Nutritional Status In Patients With Coronary Heart Disease Before And After Receiving Nutrition Education: A Retrospective study
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Abstract
Introduction: Coronary artery disease is caused by plaque buildup in the wall of the arteries that supply blood to the heart. The main cause is from improper eating. Nutrition education will promote behavioral change to optimal nutritional status. Nowadays, there is currently no study on food consuming behavior in combination with nutritional status in Thailand.
Objective: This study aimed to compare nutritional status and food consumption behavior in coronary artery disease patients before and after nutrition education.
Method: This retrospective study used data from medical records of 33 patients with coronary artery disease who had outpatient care at Suratthani Hospital's cardiology clinic between January and December 2021 and were sent for nutrition education after abnormal laboratory test results. A two-part questionnaire was employed for data collection. Part-one was a retrospective data recording form from medical records that covered patient characteristic as well as clinical features. Part-two consisted of a food consumption behavior assessment with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.86, and data was analyzed using descriptive analysis and the paired t-test.
Result: After receiving nutrition education, patients exhibited substantial decreases in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and blood sugar levels (p=0.004, p<0.001, and p=0.047, respectively), as well as a significant improvement in food consumption behavior with an increase in the average score (p=<0.001).
Conclusion: In patients with coronary artery disease, the nutrition education program can improve food consumption behavior and nutritional status, which can help lower the risk of developing severe disease. As a result, a nutrition education program can be utilized to promote health in individuals with coronary artery disease.
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