ผลของโปรแกรมส่งเสริมการดูแลตนเองต่อพฤติกรรมการปฏิบัติตัวและระดับน้ำตาล ในเลือดของหญิงที่เป็นโรคเบาหวานขณะตั้งครรภ์ โรงพยาบาลเกาะคา จังหวัดลำปาง

Ubonwan  Kanjanaporncharean; Panumas Koonyodying; Benyarat  Inthima; Umaporn  Kumfubut

Authors

Ubonwan Kanjanaporncharean Koh Kha Hospital
Panumas Koonyodying Boromarajonani College of Nursing Nakhon Lampang, Faculty of Nursing, Praboromarajchanok Institute
Benyarat Inthima Koh Kha Hospital
Umaporn Kumfubut Koh Kha Hospital

Keywords:

Blood Sugar Level, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Self-Care Behavior During Pregnancy, Self-Care Promotion Program

Abstract

This quasi-experimental study, using a post-test two-group design, aimed to compare self-care behaviors and blood glucose levels between pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) who participated in a self-care promotion program and those who received standard nursing care. Participants were purposively selected, comprising 54 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM, equally divided into a control group (n=27) and an experimental group (n=27). The research instruments included a self-care promotion program for women with GDM and a self-care promotion manual. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, a self-care behaviors questionnaire for pregnant women, and a blood glucose level recording form. Content validity was evaluated using the Index of Item Objective Congruence (IOC)The content validity index (IOC) scores ranged from 0.67 to 1.00, and its Cronbach's alpha coefficient of reliability was 0.78. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and the t-test.
The findings indicated that the experimental group demonstrated significantly higher mean self-care behavior scores (t=3.157, p=.003), and significantly lower fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels (p=.046) compared to the control group. Consequently, the self-care promotion program, designed for behavioral practices and blood sugar control in pregnant women with gestational diabetes, is recommended for integration into nursing interventions to facilitate improved self-care behaviors and optimize blood glucose regulation.

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