Effects of Health Literacy Enhancement Programs on Self-Care for Tuberculosis Patients in Intensive Phase
Abstract
This quasi-experimental research with a one group pretest-posttest design was aimed to examine the effects of a health literacy enhancement program on self-care for tuberculosis patients in the intensive phase. A purposive sampling was used to recruit thirty new tuberculosis patients aged 18 years and over who undergoing treatments at the tuberculosis clinic, Phayao hospital. Research tools included the program to promote health literacy in self-care of tuberculosis patients in the intensive phase, and the questionnaires for collecting data included 1) general information, 2) the health literacy regarding tuberculosis, 3) tuberculosis knowledge, and 4) self-care behaviors of tuberculosis patients. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics including frequencies, percentages, and averages. The analysis of differences of before and after experiment scores for health literacy, knowledge, and self-care behavior regarding tuberculosis were analyzed using a dependent t-test.
The results showed that a majority of the sample were male (70 %). Their average age was 57.9 years (SD.=16.09), 33.3% were farmers, 60.0% were married, 60.0% completed primary education, 13.3% had a history of contact with tuberculosis patients, 20.0% smoked cigarettes, 63.3% drank alcohol, and 63.3% had congenital diseases. After the completion of the program, participants’ scores for overall health literacy, knowledge regarding tuberculosis, and self-care behaviors increased significantly. When examining each component of health literacy, scores of five out of six components increased significantly after the intervention, only health care decision making component did not significantly increased. The findings suggested that the program was appropriated for promoting health literacy, knowledge, and self-care behaviors for TB patients. Further research should be done to explore effective interventions for improving health care decision making.
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