Effect of Stroke Prevention Program in Risk Group of Older Adults: Application of PBRI Model
Keywords:
stroke prevention program, risk group of older adults, PBRI modelAbstract
The purpose of this quasi-experimental research was to investigate the effect of a stroke prevention program for at risk groups of older adults regarding knowledge about stroke and stroke prevention behaviors. The participants (n=68) were recruited using multi-stage random sampling, divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 34 people per group, based on the inclusion criteria. The experimental group received a self-care manual to prevent stroke and participated in activities according to the stroke prevention program for risk groups of older adults that was conducted for five weeks with weekly organized activities lasting for two-hours in weeks 1-4 and 30 minutes in week five, while the control group received standard care. Data were collected by using knowledge about stroke questionnaires and a measure of behavior to prevent stroke in high-risk groups developed by the researchers. The quality of the measurements was determined by calculating the content validity index (CVI), calculated as 1.00 for all instruments. The reliability of knowledge about stroke questionnaire has a KR-20 value of 0.78 and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the preventive stroke behavior in high-risk groups questionnaire was 0.86. The data were collected before receiving the program and after the 1st week and the 4th week after the program ended. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square independent t-tests, and repeated measure ANOVAs.
The results found that, after participating in the program, the experimental group had an average score of knowledge about stroke and stroke prevention behaviors which were significantly higher than before they received program and compared to the control group. Suggestions from the research results: Healthcare providers should apply the concept of the PBRI model for assessing and classifying the patients into seven groups in relation to the patient’s health status. Consequently, appropriate health promotion and prevention activities for older adults at risk of stroke in each category can be provided, so that the patients can adjust their behavior to prevent stroke appropriately. Furthermore, there should be use randomized controlled trials (RCT) for further study and following up on long term behavioral changes.
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