Development of Health Care Models for Dependent Older Adults and Individuals with Disabilities through Community Participation in Chom Thong Sub-District, Mueang, Phitsanulok
Keywords:
dependency older adults, individuals with disabilities, health care model, community participationAbstract
This participatory action research aimed to develop a health care model for dependent older adults and individuals with disabilities through community engagement in Chom Thong Sub-District, Mueang, Phitsanulok province. The research was structured into three phases: 1) problem and needs assessment for caring for dependent older adults and individuals with disabilities, 2) model development and implementation of health care activities, and 3) model evaluation. The study employed purposive sampling to select a total of 92 participants which included 32 representatives from community leaders and network partners, 30 dependent older adults and individuals with disabilities, and 30 caregivers participating in model testing. Research tools included semi-structured interviews for in-depth discussions, group discussions, questionnaires to assess health perception, and assessments of basic daily living abilities. The Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis and statistical methods including percentages, means, standard deviations, and paired t-tests were used for the quantitative data.
The results revealed that the developed health care model was comprised of four key components: 1) care plan preparation, 2) community and network partner capacity building, 3) home-based care for dependent individuals, and 4) continuous care activity support from the network. Implementation of the model demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in health perception among dependent older adults and individuals with disabilities (p< 0.01), with high levels of satisfaction reported. This developed model has the potential to sustainably enhance the quality of care for dependent older adults and individuals with disabilities which can be attributed to factors such as community involvement, particularly through volunteer caregivers, and ongoing support from relevant networks for care provision.
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