Incidence of Dengue Virus Infection and Dengue Serotypes Changed in Ratchaburi Province During 2012–2020
Keywords:
Dengue virus, Dengue fever, Dengue hemorrhagic fever, SerotypesAbstract
Dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome are the groups of diseases caused by the dengue virus infection with the mosquito, Aedes aegypti, as the major vector. Dengue viruses are classified into four serotypes including dengue-1, dengue-2, dengue-3, and dengue-4. In every year, Ratchaburi is one of the provinces in Thailand where the incidence rates of dengue virus infection are high. This study aims to monitor dengue serotype changes in dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome patients in Ratchaburi province during 2012-2020. The 1,027 samples were tested for dengue virus RNA by real time RT-PCR. The results found that real time RT-PCR positive cases ranged from 37.6 – 74.7%. The prevalence rates of DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-4 and DENV-3 were detected as 36.5%, 26.3%, 20.6% and 16.4%, respectively, including 0.2% of co-infection between DENV-2 and DENV-3. Notably, all four dengue serotypes were circulated in Ratchaburi province. DENV-1 was found every year, while DENV-3 and DENV-4 decreased in the last 5 years (since 2016). The number of DENV-2 has also decreased and until the year 2018 onwards, it has been increasing continuously. Within 2,106 patient cases, antibodies detection against dengue virus were 48.6-95.9 %, with 0-20% of primary infection and 80-100% of secondary infection. The information obtained from this study notifies the epidemiology, outbreak pattern, and dengue serotype data, which will be useful for dengue control and vaccine research and development to cover the strains of the dengue virus.
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