Development and Psychometric Validation of the Knowledge and Attitudes Questionnaire toward Long COVID (KA-long COVID)
Keywords:
Long COVID, questionnaire, health literacy, Community medical technologistsAbstract
The impact of long COVID has been increasing globally, however, the symptoms and
pathophysiological mechanisms are still not well understood. Therefore, evaluating individuals knowledge and attitudes (KA) towards long COVID is crucial. This study aimed to create and validatetheKA-longCOVIDquestionnaire,whichconsistsof14items forknowledgeand6items for attitude. The questionnaire’s content validity was established through expert agreement, and its internal consistency and intra-rater reliability were assessed using 30 healthy participants, aged 18-60 years old. Results showed acceptable item level-content validity index (I-CVI) and scale level-content validity index (S-CVI) (≥ 0.8 and 0.91, respectively). The attitude section’s internal consistency was reliable (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.82). The knowledge section’s intra-rater reliability was acceptable (percent agreement ≥ 66.7), and the attitude section’s Spearman rank correlation coefficient was significant (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the KA-long COVID questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring knowledge and attitudes toward long COVID. This questionnaire could guide healthcare professionals, including community medical technologists, in measuring health literacy and improving health outcomes.
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