Frequency of Hemoglobinopathies Reported with HbA1c Results in Diabetic Patients in Songklanagarind Hospital

Abstract

The HbA1c determination is a measure of the average blood glucose level over the past about three months. HbA1c levels are directly related to blood glucose levels. If diabetes is not properly controlled until having high blood sugar levels for a long time, there will be a risk of complications. In healthy individuals with normal hemoglobin, HbA1c levels closely reflect the average glucose level.  Hemoglobin abnormalities and red cell age affect the accuracy of the HbA1c value.  Capillary electrophoresis (CE) HbA1c testing laboratories are now able to report HbA1c levels and screening of Hb typing results.  However, the incidence of diabetic patients with abnormal hemoglobin has not been studied. Therefore, the aim of this work was to study the frequency of abnormal hemoglobin in diabetic patients with HbA1c test in year 2020 at  Songklanagarind Hospital. A total of 18,920 patients had a normal hemoglobin profile, A₂A (2 £ HbA₂ < 3.5%), 80.42%, A₂A (HbA₂<2%), 8.04%, EA, 7.88%, A₂A beta trait. (HbA₂ ≥ 3.5%) 2.18%, hemoglobin profile EE 0.27% A₂A (5< Hb F <23%) 0.22%, Hb H disease 0.11%, type A₂FA (Hb F>23%) found 0.08% and others 0.80%. In conclusion, 0.40 percent of diabetic patients could not report HbA1c due to limitation of the method.