Evaluation of the Efficacy of Detecting Human Papillomavirus 14 High Risk Types Genetic Material by Real Time PCR with Cytological Abnormalities and Colposcopy

Abstract

HPV DNA test has been used to screen for cervical cancer in Thai women to increase the detection opportunity of new cervical cancer. The information regarding the test efficacy in the 3rd health zone women is still unclear. This research aimed to study the efficacy of HPV genotypic test on detecting the cytological abnormalities. During the 2021 fiscal year, Thai women aged 30-60 years in Phichit, Uthai Thani, Chainat and Kamphaeng Phet provinces, who underwent cervical cancer screening according to the primary HPV test guidelines, were recruited. HPV non 16/18 were also screened for cytological abnormalities by liquid-based cytology (LBC) method. Cytological abnormalities were found at 20.07%. The top five findings were HPV 52, multiple HPV non 16/18, HPV 58, HPV 66 and HPV 51 at 5.18%, 3.97%, 2.42%, 1.84% and 1.38%, respectively. The confirmation by colposcopy indicated the positive predictive values (PPV) of HPV 16, HPV 18 and non 16/18 at 48.28%, 61.54% and 55.88%, respectively. HPV 45, HPV 68 and HPV18 had higher rates of adenocarcinoma at 100%, 33.33% and 6.90%, respectively. The incidence rate of HPV 51-associated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was 11.11%. Therefore, the efficacy of this process is acceptable for cervical cancer screening. Furthermore, an increased follow-up of patients with abnormalities for comprehensive confirmation, would increase the likelihood of a new cervical cancer detection.