A study on the distribution of disease and Leptospirosis-causing strains in watershed areas of Sisaket province, Thailand

Abstract

This study is a descriptive study of disease distribution along the watershed area and species that caused leptospirosis in Sisaket province. This study was conducted on patients having leptospirosis with laboratory results by microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and treated in a hospital in Sisaket Province from 2008 to 2018. The total tested number of 653 cases. Within these numbers, 122 cases (18.63%) were diagnosed as Leptospirosis infection. Most of the patients (68 cases; 55.73%) lived along the Huai Samran branches watershed area, followed by Huai Tha (39 cases; 31.97%). The infection was distributed in 15 districts (68.18%). Khukhan and Khun Han districts were where the most cases were found at 23 cases (18.85%)/district. The serovars detected in Sisaket province were 20 serovars; Australis, Autumnalis, Ballum, Bataviae, Cynopteri, Djasiman, Grippotyphosa, Hebdonadis, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Javanica, Louisiana, Manhao, Mini Pamona, Pyrogenes, Sarmin, Sejromane, Semaranga. The most common serovars were Shermani, found in 15 districts, followed by Australis in 13 districts (86.67%). Khukhan district had the most found varieties of serovar at 17serovars (85.00%), followed by Uthumphon Phisai with 14 serovars. The most commonly found was Huai Samran River basin at 19 serovars (95.00%), followed by Huai Ta at 16 serovars (80.00%). Inpatients found 20serovars (100%) and outpatients found 10 serovars (50.00%). The bacteria found in animals such as cattle, buffalo, dogs, cats, and pigs. Long-term disease control should focus on action and collaboration with relevant agencies according to the One Health concept to integrate prevention and solve problems together.