Prevalence and factors associated with behavioral and psychological symptoms in elderly people with dementia at Thailand tertiary care hospitals
Keywords:
activities of daily living, behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, caregiver burden, tertiary hospitalAbstract
Objective: To study the prevalence and the associated factors of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in older adults with dementia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between August and September 2022 among dementia patients aged 60 years or over and primary caregivers aged 18 years or over at tertiary care hospitals in 13 health districts of Thailand. Questionnaires included demographic data, the Barthel Index for Activities of Daily Living, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire, and the short form of the Zarit Burden Interview. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and multiple logistic regression.
Results: Of 917 participants, 76.3% met the BPSD criteria. The most commonly reported BPSD symptoms were nighttime behaviors (42.5%), irritability/lability (40.2%), anxiety (34.0%), agitation/aggression (30.0%), and aberrant motor movements (23.7%), respectively. Five or more concurrent oral medications and moderate-to-severe and severe levels of caregiver’s burden significantly increased the odds of BPSD, while age of older adults of 70 - 79 years (as compared to age of 60 - 69 years) and compliance with the schedule of daily activities significantly decreased the odds of BPSD.
Conclusion: Three-quarters of dementia patients in tertiary care experience BPSD. The service providers should be concerned about polypharmacy, schedule arrangements in the daily activities of the patients, and psychosocial care for primary caregivers to reduce the caregiving burden.
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