Prevalence and associated factors of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among male adolescents in juvenile observation and protection centers
Keywords:
ADHD, juvenile offenders, juvenile observation and protection center, prevalenceAbstract
Objective: To find the prevalence and related factors of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among male adolescents in juvenile observation and protection centers.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among male juveniles aged 13 - 18 years, selected through a multistage stratified random sampling from 24 facilities across Thailand, from November 2022 to February 2023. The questionnaires included the Thai diagnostic interview for psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents-revised (T-DICA-R), sociodemographics, crime-related information, family relationships, academic achievement, antisocial behaviors, and peer relationships. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with ADHD.
Results: Of 526 participants with a median age of 16.5 years, 24 (4.6%) met the criteria for ADHD. ADHD was associated with age at first prosecution under 12 years (AOR = 5.79, 95% CI = 1.10 - 30.4), alcohol consumption (AOR = 3.43, 95% CI = 1.07 - 11.0), heroin use (AOR = 12.4, 95% CI = 2.46 - 62.4), and high/very high level of physical aggression (AOR = 6.57, 95% CI = 2.09 - 20.6).
Conclusion: ADHD in male juveniles in correctional institutes is associated with a history of delinquency at a young age, use of alcohol and drugs, and aggressive behaviors.
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