Lessons learned from the operations of Mental Health Crisis Assessment and Treatment Teams (MCATT) in response to the Thai-Cambodian border conflict: a case study of Health Region 10

Abstract

This article aims to analyze success factors, barriers, and key lessons learned to enhance the operational effectiveness of the Emergency Operations Center (EOC) and Mental Health Crisis Assessment and Treatment Teams (MCATT) during the Thai-Cambodian border conflict in the Health Region 10. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with 149 multidisciplinary professionals.

The findings revealed that MCATT achieved full coverage of initial mental health screening among affected populations in red and orange zones, identifying 3,437 individuals with high levels of stress and suicide risk who required continuous follow-up. Subsequent follow-up showed that, after psychological interventions, 94 - 95% of these individuals demonstrated reduced stress levels and suicide risk. Key success factors were identified, including a robust and flexible management system under the EOC, the appropriate and effective use of screening tools and technological innovations (e.g., telepsychiatry and medication stock-sharing system), and a clear and context-sensitive screening and referral system. Key recommendations included the development of an integrated, real-time data system to reduce redundancy, strengthening the capacity and welfare of operational staff, and enhancing proactive planning and preparedness for future emergencies.