ปัจจัยทำนายพฤติกรรมการป้องกันวัณโรคในผู้สัมผัสร่วมบ้านกับผู้ป่วยวัณโรค

Nongnapas Kasornthong; Sunida Preechawong

Authors

Nongnapas Kasornthong Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University
Sunida Preechawong Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University

Keywords:

tuberculosis, household contacts, tuberculosis preventive behaviors

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a public health concern, especially among household contacts who are at high risk but exhibit inadequate preventive behaviors. Therefore, promoting preventive behaviors is essential for controlling the spread of the disease.

Research objectives: To examine factors predicting TB preventive behaviors among household contacts of persons living with TB.

Research methodology: This predictive study included 111 household contacts, purposively selected from three tertiary hospitals in Bangkok. Data were collected using questionnaires on personal data, knowledge of TB, attitudes towards TB, motivation for TB prevention, perceived self-efficacy, perceived barriers and TB preventive behaviors. Content validity index ranged from .80 to 1.00 while Cronbach's alpha coefficients were .80, .83, .84, .89, and .80 respectively. In addition, the questionnaire on knowledge of TB had a reliability coefficient (KR - 20) of .81. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression.

Results: The overall level of TB preventive behaviors among household contacts was good (M = 44.2, SD = 6.5). Factors that significantly predicted TB preventive behaviors were attitude towards TB ( $\ss$ = .374, p <.05), perceived self-efficacy ( $\ss$ = .244, p <.05), and perceived barriers ( $\ss$ = .166, p <.05). These factors collectively predicted TB preventive behaviors at 32.80% (R² = .328, p < .05).

Conclusions: Attitude toward TB, perceived self-efficacy, and perceived barriers influence the TB preventive behaviors among household contacts.

Implications: Health professionals should organize activities promoting attitudes and health perception to enhance preventive behaviors among household contacts.

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