ประสิทธิผลโปรแกรมการสร้างความรอบรู้ด้านสุขภาพเพื่อป้องกันโรคหลอดเลือดสมอง ในผู้สูงอายุที่มีโรคร่วมในหน่วยบริการสุขภาพปฐมภูมิ อำเภอหนองกุงศรี จังหวัดกาฬสินธุ์

Netchanok Phujeewon; Siranee Sihapark; Piyathida Kuhirunyarat

Authors

Netchanok Phujeewon Faculty of Nursing, Praboromarajchanok Institute
Siranee Sihapark Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Khon Kaen, Faculty of Nursing, Prabormarajchanok Institute
Piyathida Kuhirunyarat Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University

Keywords:

older adults, comorbidity, health literacy, stroke

Abstract

Introduction: Older adults with chronic diseases, particularly diabetes and hypertension, have a higher risk of developing stroke. Therefore, enhancing health literacy is vital for effective prevention.

Research objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of a health literacy promotion program for stroke prevention among older adults who have diabetes and hypertension.

Research methodology: This quasi-experimental study employed a two-group pretest–posttest design. Eighty-six participants were selected through cluster random sampling and equally assigned to experimental and control groups (43 per group). Research instruments included: (1) the Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT) for cognitive screening, and (2) data collection tools: a demographic and clinical questionnaire, a health literacy questionnaire (content validity index (CVI) = .67), and a behavioral practice questionnaire (CVI = .80). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were .88 and .82, respectively. The intervention was a
12-week health literacy promotion program for stroke prevention (CVI = 1.00). Data was collected before the intervention and at 3 and 6 months after and analyzed using t-tests.

Results: After the program, the experimental group showed significantly higher health literacy and stroke preventive behaviors than the control group. The health outcomes including body weight, body mass index, blood pressure, blood glucose, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk scores improved significantly (p < .05).

Conclusions: The health literacy promotion program effectively improved health behaviors and outcomes, thereby reducing the risk of stroke.

Implications: This program should be applied to patients with chronic diabetes and hypertension to promote healthy behaviors and prevent complications.

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