การพัฒนารูปแบบการส่งเสริมสุขภาพเพื่อป้องกันและแก้ไขปัญหาภาวะเปราะบาง แบบมีส่วนร่วมของผู้สูงอายุในชุมชนเมือง เขตเทศบาลนครอุบล จังหวัดอุบลราชธานี

Kunthida Kulprateepunya; Nippapath  Sinsap; Sarmran Pulthong

Authors

Kunthida Kulprateepunya Boromarajonani College of Nursing Sunpasitthiprasong, Faculty of Nursing, Praboromarajchanok Institute
Nippapath Sinsap Sappasitthiprasong Hospita
Sarmran Pulthong Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital

Keywords:

elderly, frailty, health promotion model

Abstract

Introduction: Frailty in older adults poses a significant challenge, often emerging as individuals shift from strength to vulnerability without displaying noticeable symptoms. Importantly, this condition is preventable, and proactive health promotion can facilitate recovery before the onset of disability.

Research Objective: This study aims to thoroughly analyze the prevalence of frailty among older adults, create an effective health promotion model, and assess its impact on mitigating frailty - related issues.

Research methodology: The research comprises three critical phases: Phase 1 focuses on analyzing frailty; Phase 2 involves developing a participatory health promotion model tailored to address frailty; and Phase 3 evaluates the effectiveness of this model. A total of 122 elderly participants from urban communities were involved. Data collection was conducted through personal profiles and frailty questionnaires, ensuring content validity and reliability, with Cronbach’s alpha scores of .81 and .98. Descriptive statistics and a Paired Sample t - test were used for data analysis to compare means.

Results: The results revealed that 23.05% of participants were classified as frail, while 56.70% were at risk of developing frailty. The health promotion model designed to combat frailty incorporated an integrated approach utilizing tools such as the 9 - box grid, elastic bands, and rubber balls. Effectiveness was measured by the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, which showed a significant decrease in the average completion time after program participation (M = 14.42 to M = 8.54), with statistical significance (p < .1).

Conclusion: This health promotion model not only prevents but also effectively addresses frailty in older adults, resulting in enhanced balance and walking abilities.

Implication: The promising outcomes of this health promotion model suggest that it can be successfully implemented and adapted to improve the health and wellbeing of elderly individuals across various communities.

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