การพัฒนาโปรแกรมส่งเสริมผู้ดูแลในการป้องกันการเกิดแผลกดทับในผู้ป่วยที่มีภาวะพึ่งพาหอผู้ป่วยใน โรงพยาบาลสูงเม่น อำเภอสูงเม่น จังหวัดแพร่

Nichapa Maneekart; Ghunyanutt Sathagathonthun

Authors

Nichapa Maneekart Sung Men Hospital
Ghunyanutt Sathagathonthun Faculty of Nursing, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok

Keywords:

caregiver promotion program, pressure sores prevention, dependent patients

Abstract

Introduction: Pressure ulcers usually occur in dependent patients. Enhancing caregivers’ abilities to prevent pressure ulcers can reduce the incidence of patients’ pressure ulcers.

Research objectives: To develop and examine the effectiveness of a caregiver promotion program for preventing pressure ulcers in dependent patients at the inpatient department of Sung Men Hospital, Phrae Province.

Research methodology: This research and development was divided into three phases as follows: 1) situation analysis, 2) developing a program to promote caregivers for preventing pressure ulcers in dependent patients, and 3) evaluating the effectiveness of the program. Sample groups consisted of 1) 12 multidisciplinary team members, 2) 27 caregivers of dependent patients. The research instruments included 1) focus group discussion questions, 2) a caregiver promotion program for preventing pressure ulcers in dependent patients, and 3) caregiver assessment regarding knowledge, practice, and skills. The validity were 88, .78 and .84, and the reliability coefficients were .77, .72 and .90, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a paired sample t - test.

Results: The results at phase I showed that inadequate staffing and lack of continuous care. Phase II, the caregiver promotion program consisted of four activities: 1) assessing patients’ and caregivers' competencies, 2) providing education knowledge about caring, 3) developing skills about pressure ulcer prevention, and 4) assessing both patients and caregivers before discharging patients. Phase III, the study revealed that the knowledge, practices, and skills regarding pressure ulcer prevention of caregivers after the experiment were significantly higher (p < .01), with mean scores = 12.52, SD = 1.65, M = 49.40, SD = 2.65, and M = 51.37 SD = 3.69, respectively.

Conclusions: The caregiver promotion program for preventing pressure ulcers in dependent patients can effectively prevent pressure ulcers in dependent patients.

Implications: It is recommended to Implement the caregiver promotion program to other clinical sites with similar problems.

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