ปัจจัยทำนายพฤติกรรมการบริโภคอาหารของผู้ป่วยโรคความดันโลหิตสูง ในพื้นที่ตำบลบ้านปึก อำเภอเมืองชลบุรี จังหวัดชลบุรี

Juthathip Empia; Orarat  Wangpradit; Norfirdaus Seesatang; Prapatsorn Thainok

Authors

Juthathip Empia Sirindhorn College of Public Health Chonburi, Faculty of Public Health and Allied Health Sciences
Orarat Wangpradit Sirindhorn College of Public Health Chonburi, Faculty of Public Health and Allied Health Sciences
Norfirdaus Seesatang Sirindhorn College of Public Health Chonburi, Faculty of Public Health and Allied Health Sciences
Prapatsorn Thainok Sirindhorn College of Public Health Chonburi, Faculty of Public Health and Allied Health Sciences

Keywords:

food consumption behavior, hypertension, health belief model

Abstract

Introduction: Patients suffering from hypertension often exhibit inappropriate dietary behaviors, which leads to difficulty in managing their blood pressure levels. Hence, it is imperative to investigate the factors that influence dietary behaviors in hypertensive patients.

Research objectives: This study aimed to examine the predictive factors related to dietary behaviors among hypertensive patients living in the Ban Puek subdistrict, Mueang district, Chonburi province.

Research methodology: A predictive correlation survey study was conducted, involving a total of 213 hypertensive patients from the Ban Puek subdistrict. Participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected in February 2023 through the utilization of a Health Belief Model-based questionnaire and a behavioral assessment tool for dietary consumption in hypertensive patients. Reliability coefficients obtained for the questionnaire and assessment tool were .79 and .71, respectively; while the knowledge questionnaire yielded a Kuder-Richardson20 reliability of .58 Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Multiple linear regression analysis.

Results: Findings revealed that 99.50% of hypertensive patients demonstrated a moderate level of dietary behavior. Notably, several predictors were found to be statistically significant (p < .05) in relation to dietary behaviors in hypertensive patients. These predictors included knowledge pertaining to dietary intake, perceived susceptibility to complications, perceived severity of high blood pressure, perceived barriers in managing blood pressure, and awareness of the benefits related to a specific dietary regimen for hypertensive patients. Collectively, these factors accounted for 23.50% of the variance observed in dietary behaviors among hypertensive patients (R square = .235, p < .001).

Conclusion: Results of this study suggest that health perception factors, as guided by the Health Belief Model, can effectively predict dietary behaviors in hypertensive patients.

Implications: Health professionals and community leaders should apply health perception factors and develop initiatives aimed at promoting health awareness and dietary behaviors among hypertensive patients.

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