โปรแกรมพัฒนาผู้ดูแลเด็กสมองพิการ: การทบทวนวรรณกรรม

Supaporn Wannasuntad; Sing Kanchanaaree

Authors

Supaporn Wannasuntad
Sing Kanchanaaree

Keywords:

parental education, parental training, caregivers’ intervention, cerebral palsy in children

Abstract

This systematic review of the literature aimed to synthesize research characteristics and program activities designed to develop caregivers of cerebral palsy children. Searching for Thai and English research published in electronic databases included PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Scopus, ThaiJO and ThaiLIS in the past 10 years (2010 – 2019). Inclusion criteria of studies were: 1) primary research conducted in caregivers of children with cerebral palsy, 2) a quasi-experimental study, experimental study or participatory action research designed for mastering caregivers with cerebral palsy age 0-15 years, 3) caregiver’s outcome in accordance with the study was evaluated. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria was included for further analysis. The results can be summarized as follows:

Three studies were designed for improving the knowledge and competency of the caregivers (feeding and promoting muscle strength), 2 studies for empowering the caregivers, and 3 studies for promoting mental health and quality of life of the caregivers. Majority of the studies was a quasi-experimental study conducting in a hospital rehabilitation/child development center and having sample less than 30 cases.
Each program developed for training the caregivers embraced various activities including health education, group activity, supervising, demonstrations and skills practicing, home visit, phone call support, providing media, equipment, and travel expenses. Most of the program lasted for 2 months (3 weeks to 2.5 months) or 6-8 sessions.
The outcomes of the program can be summarized as follows: 1) Providing a variety of activities for 2 months or 6-8 session was enough to make changes in caregivers’ behaviors/skills/abilities in caring for children with cerebral palsy; 2) Providing health education only for 8 consecutive weeks was not effective to reduce stress and increase quality of life of the caregiver; 3) Programs with a variety of activities and ongoing monitoring, such as home visits, phone call support, provided better outcomes in the caregivers

It could be concluded that more intervention developed for mastering the caregivers of children with cerebral palsy, especially community- based intervention, is in need. The caregiver development program should consist of a variety of activities and ongoing monitoring to lead to better outcomes.

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