Efficacy of Coronavirus 2019 Screening Form
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Abstract
Screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection to detect individuals who are infected before they present clinically could therefore be important to contain the spread of the disease. Objective: to assess the efficacy of using a screening form to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection
Method: In a retrospective study of electronic medical records and databases, this study used the screening form proposed by the Minister of Public Health. The risk for COVID-19 samples included 593 patients who received service at the EID clinic at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital during 16 January – 30 April 2020. Random sampling without replacement was applied. Of the patients screened, 150 confirmed PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2 while 443 did not meet the confirmation. Data were analyzed using a descriptive statistic, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value. A receiver operating characteristic curve was also performed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the screening form.
Results: The prevalence of SAR-CoV-2 infection was 25.30%. There were 56.7% of females and 52% of the age group 22-40 years. The overall sensitivity and specificity of the screening form were 76.7% และ 48.8%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of the screening form was 62.7%. When considering only a history of close contact to confirmed cases of COVID-19 within 14 days before symptoms and direct temperature measure more than 37.5 Celsius, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of close contact were 54.7%, 75.8%, 43.4% and 83.2% and high temperature were 42.0%, 79.0%, 40.4%, and 80.1% respectively. In comparison, close contact showed the highest diagnostic accuracy (65.3%). The screening form by itself can explain only 241% of the variability of results for SARS-CoV-2.
Conclusion:All suspected/confirmed cases contact groups must be isolated to quarantine areas. At the same time being infected with the coronavirus 2019, it often begins with a fever. Therefore, the effectiveness of initial screening and care is critical in overcoming outbreaks.
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References
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