ปฏิทินการแพทย์แผนไทย
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เผยแพร่แล้ว:
เม.ย. 30, 2018
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การแพทย์แผนไทย จักรราศรี ปฏิทินจันทรคติ
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บทคัดย่อ
การใช้ปฏิทินในทางการแพทย์แผนไทยได้แก่ กาล (การแบ่งกลางวันกลางคืนเป็น 3 ช่วงเวลา กับ 4 ช่วงเวลา) วันในสัปดาห์ (1-7 อาทิตย์-เสาร์) วันขึ้นแรมค่ำ เดือนจันทรคติ (1 2 … หรือ อ้าย ยี่ ... ) ฤดู (ฤดู 3 ฤดู 4 และ ฤดู 6) จักรราศี และปีนักษัตร จากการศึกษาตำราเอกสารทางการแพทย์แผนไทย พบว่า ปฏิทินการแพทย์แผนไทยมีรูปแบบแตกต่างไปจากปฏิทินจันทรคติไทย โดยเฉพาะการแบ่งฤดูกาลใน 1 ปี คัมภีร์สมุฏฐานวินิจฉัยกำหนดให้มีช่วงฤดูกาลคาบละเท่า ๆ กัน โดยกำหนด 1 ปี มี 360 องศา แล้วอธิบายช่วงเวลาด้วยวันขึ้นแรมเดือนอย่างปฏิทินจันทรคติไทย โดยไม่กล่าวถึงเดือน 8 ที่สองแต่อย่างใด ทำให้เข้าใจผิดว่าปฏิทินการแพทย์แผนไทยมีรูปแบบเช่นเดียวกับปฏิทินจันทรคติไทย ปฏิทินการแพทย์แผนไทยใช้ตำแหน่งดวงอาทิตย์ที่โคจรรอบโลกใน 1 ปีในการแบ่งฤดูกาล ทั้งฤดู 3 ฤดู 4 และฤดู 6 ให้มีจำนวนวันฤดูย่อยละเท่า ๆ กัน และในการกำหนดตำแหน่งดวงอาทิตย์สถิตในจักรราศีก็เป็นตามทั้งหลักโหราศาสตร์ไทยและดาราศาสตร์ปัจจุบัน
Article Details
ประเภทบทความ
Review Article
เอกสารอ้างอิง
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32. Plainoi S. Twelve Zodiac. 3rd ed. Bangkok: Reuenkaew Karnpimp; 2004. 222 p. (in Thai).
2. Picheansoonthon C, Chavalit M, Jeerawongsa V. The Explaination of King Naraiûs Thai Pharmacopoeia (Drug Formulary). Bangkok: Amarin Printing and Publishing; 2001. 777 p. (in Thai).
3. Bureau of the Protection of Traditional Thai Medicine Knowledge, Department of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine. That Pra Narai Inscription (PalmLeaf). Bangkok: Printing Press of the War Veterans Organization of Thailand under Royal Patronage of His Majesty the King; 2012. 180 p. (in Thai).
4. Phraya Pisanuprasartvej. Vejjasuksa (Medical Education). 3rd ed. Pranakhon: Rong Pimp Chan Heng; 1925. 125 p. (in Thai).
5. The Ancient Medical School of Wat Phra Chetuphon (Wat Poh). Phat Sart Songkhroa Vol 2. n.p.; 1961. 242 p. (in Thai).
6. Thai Language Institution, Academic Department, Mistry of Education. Phatsart Songkroa. Bangkok: Kurusapa Printing Ladphrao; 2000. 994 p. (in Thai).
7. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Gregorian calendar. [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2016 Dec 29]; Available from: https://global.britannica.com/topic/Gregoriancalendar
8. The Gregorian Calendar. Time and Date AS 1995-2016. [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2016 Dec 29]; Available from: https://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/gregoriancalendar.html.
9. Plainoi S. Songkran. 2nd ed. Bangkok: Pikanesha Printing Center; 2004. 159 p. (in Thai).
10. Department of Cultural Promotion. New Year Day and Days in Lunar Calendar. [Internet].2013 [cited 2016 Dec
29]; Available from: https://www1.culture.go.th/ subculture3/images/stories/Artist/Vansoomkran/picture/
1/1.2%20new%20year.pdf. (in Thai).
11. Calendar Act B.E. 2483. Published in Government Gazette, Vol. 57, p.419-22 (17 Sep 1940). (in Thai).
12. Tangkanasingha P. Khamatiby Atikamas-Atikavara (The Explainnation of Intercalation). Bangkok: Sirasrom Karnpimp; 1972. 84 p. (in Thai).
13. Bunnag K (Chaophraya Thiphakorawong Mahakosathibodi). Kijjanukij Book. Bangkok: Kurusapa Printing Ladphrao; 1971. 249 p. (in Thai).
14. Tittiranonda B (Phraya Boriraksa Vejjakarn). Principle of Intercalation. Phranakhon: Mahamakut Royal College Printing; 1956. 58 p. (in Thai).
15. Boonnak T (Major General). Expert in Ephemeris Computation. Interview, 2009 Apr 22. (in Thai).
16. Meeus J. Astronomical Algorithms. 2nd ed. Virginia: Willmann Bell; 1998. 477 p.
17. Aaangkaew T. Astrological Calendar B.E. 2464-2563. Bangkok: Rong Pimp Auksorn Thai; 800 p. (in Thai).
18. Aaangkaew T. The Comprehensive Suriyayatra scripture. Pranakhon: Mahamakut Royal College Printing; 1954. 124 p. (in Thai).
19. Hydrographic Department, Royal Thai Navy. The History of Standard Time Keeping of Thailand. [Internet]. [cited 2016 Dec 30]. Available from: https://www.hydro. navy.mi.th/time/history.pdf. (in Thai).
20. Using Standard Time Royal Decree. Published in Government Gazette, Vol. 6, p. 273-9. (21 Mar 1919). (in Thai).
21. Thai Meteorological Department. Meteorological Book. [Internet]. 2014 [cites 2016 Dec 30]; Available from: https://www.tmd.go.th/info/info.php?FileID=53. (in Thai).
22. The Ancient Medical School of Wat Phra Chetuphon (Wat Poh). Inscription Phatmacopoeia in Wat Poh. Bangkok: Numaugsorn Karnpimp; n.d. 352 p. (in Thai).
23. The Fine Arts Department, The National Library of Thailand. Medicine Aid Treatise of RAMA V Vol. 1-2. Bangkok: Amarin Printing and Publishing; 1999. 916 p. (in Thai).
24. The Ancient Medical School of Wat Phra Chetuphon (Wat Poh). Phat Sart Songkhroa Vol 1. n.p.; 1961. 282 p. (in Thai).
25. The Ancient Medical School of Wat Phra Chetuphon (Wat Poh). Phat Sart Songkhroa Vol 3. Bangkok: Numauksornkarnpimp; n.d. 119 p. (in Thai).
26. Kittikajorn A (Khun Sophit Bunnaraksana). Ancient Medical Thai Textbook. Phra Nakhon; 1961. p. 102-3. (in Thai).
27. Foundation of Restoration and Promotion of Thai Traditional Medicine Ayuravej Vidhyalaya (Jivaka Kormarpaj). Tamra Karn Phat Thai Derm (Phat Sart Songkhroa) Chabab Pattana Section 1. 2nd ed. Bangkok: Rongpimp See Thai; 1998. 109 p. (in Thai).
28. Pattanasiri P, Rekhanites L, Panjavorakul T. Astrological Ephemeris B.E. 2552. Bangkok: Rau.Sau. 221 Publication; 2008. 400 p. (in Thai).
29. Hong Hora Srimahapoh. Astrological Calendar 150 years (from B.E.2425 to 2575). Nonthaburi: Taweepimdee; 2005.530 p. (in Thai).
30. Jayathavaj V. Diabetics Classified under Thai Traditional Wisdom Research Report. Instructional Support and Development Center, Rangsit University; 2010. 168 p. (in Thai).
31. Samudavanija S. Kledlup Mahataksa. Bangkok: Sivasrom KarnPimp; 1970. 578 p. (in Thai).
32. Plainoi S. Twelve Zodiac. 3rd ed. Bangkok: Reuenkaew Karnpimp; 2004. 222 p. (in Thai).
