Antioxidant and Antipathogenic Bacterial Activities in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Raw Musa Sapientum L. Crude Extracts
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Abstract
Introduction and objectives: Kluai namwa (Musa sapientum L.), is an annual plant in the MUSACEAE family. It has been found that raw fruits have an astringent taste and have properties in curing gastritis, stomach ulcer and relieves mild diarrhea. Ripe fruit has a sweet taste and has properties as a mild laxative, relieves bloating, and prevents anemia. In addition, it was found that extracts from the fruit and the peel of the ripe fruit are effective in treating diarrhea, and can inhibit the growth of some bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Serratia marcescens; and stem extracts can inhibit the growth of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and other bacteria that grow well in acidic conditions. Therefore, to support the treatment results, a laboratory study was conducted to test the antioxidant activity and the activity against certain bacteria that cause diarrhea.
Method: In this experimental research, raw bananas were extracted by maceration with 95% ethanol; and the extract was tested for antioxidant activity using DPPH assay, ABTS assay, FRAP assay, total phenolic compound and total flavonoid content. In addition, antibacterial activity was tested against three bacterial species such as S. typhimurium, E. coli and S. aureus using disc diffusion.
Results: It was found that raw banana extract has good antioxidant activity. When tested using the DPPH assay, ABTS, and FRAP methods, the IC50 values were found to be 0.612±0.008 mg/mL, and 0.023±0.000 mg/mL, and 39.892±11.659 mM Fe2SO2/mg, respectively. In addition, raw banana extract (95% ethanol) was found to have a higher amount of total phenolic compounds at 65.312±10.232 mg of gallic acid/mg of extract and total flavonoid content at 16.194±2.029 mg of catechin/mg of extract and has antibacterial activity against three strains of bacteria, including S.typhimurium, E. coli and S. aureus. The 95% ethanol extract of raw banana can inhibit E. coli and S. aureus the best, which has a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 6.25±0.00 and 12.5±0.00 mg/mL, respectively.
Discussion: Kluai namwa extract (95% ethanol) has antioxidant and effectively inhibit the growth pathogenic bacteria in the digestive system. So the results can be used as a guideline for developing and increasing the value of natural products to replace high-priced modern medicines and to develop them into medicines in the future.
Conclusion: The results suggest that the extract from kluai namwa has antioxidant properties and can inhibit the growth of S. typhimurium, E. coli, and S. aureus. This indicates its potential for developing natural products that could serve as alternatives to conventional medicines and may lead to the development of disease treatments in the future.
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