Quality Control and Antioxidant Activities of Ya Mor Harak Herbal Formula
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Abstract
Introductions and Objectives: Ya Mor Harak (YMH), a herbal formula, is used for purgative and antipyretic
purposes according to a Subdistrict Traditional Medicine Textbook (Tamra Phaet Tambon, Vol. 3). In the
past, there were no studies on the YMH formula. Therefore, the aims of this study were to identify indicators or markers for quality control of herbs, including phytochemical screening, total phenolic content, chemical identity and antioxidant activities of YMH extracts.
Methods: The YMH extraction was undertaken using three solvents: deionized water (A YMH), 70% ethanol
(70E YMH) and 95% ethanol (95E YMH). The YMH quality control measures included the analyses for moisture,
total ash and acid insoluble ash, as well as YMH extract’s phytochemical screening, chemical identification (using thin layer chromatography, TLC) and antioxidant activity quantification using DPPH, FRAP and ABTS assays.
Results: Alkaloids, terpenoids, anthraquinones and tannins were found in the YMH formula. Its 70E extract
had the highest total phenolic content at 180.92 ± 3.46 mg GAE/g extract and showed the highest antioxidant activities with the DPPH assay at EC50 7.28 ± 0.72 μg/mL and the FRAP assay at 306.81 ± 1.57 mg Trolox/g extract and 486.64 ± 2.49 mg Fe2+/g extract. And the A YMH extract showed the highest elimination of free radical ABTS+•(EC50 = 19.84 ± 4.85 μg/mL), while the chemical identification using TLC found 17 bands on the TLC plate.
Discussion: Aqueous YMH extract showed the best antioxidant activity using the ABTS assay, which was
consistent with the ABTS’ water-soluble property. The 70E YMH extract had the best antioxidant activity with the DPPH assay, which was consistent with the DPPS’ ethanol-soluble property.
Conclusion and Recommendation: A YMH decoction with water imitating the traditional method has
antioxidant activities. In the future, other pharmacological activities and specified chemical identification should be studied for further development of YMH for patient treatments.
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