Antibacterial Activity Against Foodborne Pathogen and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Caesalpinia sappan Heartwood
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Abstract
Bacterial foodborne diseases are found all year round in Thailand. Normally, the treatment of such illnesses is primarily supportive; however, antibiotics are considered for severe cases. Caesalpinia sappan (C. sappan) heartwood is used to treat diarrhea by Thai traditional doctors. The aim of this literature review was to gather scientific evidence of the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of C. sappan heartwood and its active compounds; for a better understanding in its mechanisms for the treatment of bacterial foodborne diseases. The results revealed that C. sappan heartwood extracts were capable of inhibiting gram-negative, gram-positive, and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In addition, C. sappan heartwood showed anti-inflammatory activity against nitric oxide and inflammatory cytokine release. The main compound of C. sappan heartwood is brazilin, which possesses antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, C. sappan heartwood might be used as an antibacterial and anti-inflammation agent in patients with foodborne diseases.
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