Model development for promoting cervical cancer awareness and self-collection of HPV samples for cervical cancer screening (HPV Self Sampling) among public health volunteers in Wiang Subdistrict, Chiang Khong District, Chiang Rai Province.

Abstract

Abstract

This research and development study aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a health literacy promotion model on cervical cancer and HPV self-sampling for Village Health Volunteers (VHVs) in Wiang Subdistrict, Chiang Khong District, Chiang Rai Province. The study consisted of three phases: problem and needs assessment, model development, and model implementation and evaluation using a one-group pretest–posttest quasi-experimental design. The sample comprised 41 female VHVs. Data were collected from October 2025 to March 2026. Research instruments included a health literacy questionnaire, a satisfaction assessment form, and a semi-structured interview guide. Content validity was confirmed by experts (IOC = 1.00), and reliability coefficients were 0.87 and 0.91. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, and content analysis.

The developed model consisted of participatory learning activities, cervical cancer and HPV self-sampling education, hands-on practice, and follow-up evaluation. Following implementation, the mean health literacy score increased significantly from 68.41 (SD = 11.85) to 103.24 (SD = 12.65) (t = 11.56, p < 0.001). The proportion of participants with high health literacy increased from 4.9% to 90.2%, while no participant remained at a low level. Overall satisfaction with the model was high (x̄ = 4.35, SD = 0.70).

The findings indicate that the developed model was appropriate and effective in improving cervical cancer and HPV self-sampling health literacy among VHVs. The model can be applied to strengthen VHV capacity and support cervical cancer screening programs at the community level.