The Effect of Perceived Self-efficacy Promotion Program on Knowledge and Behavior of Cardiovascular Diseases Prevention in Type 2 Diabetes
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Abstract
This quasi-experimental research design aimed to examine the effect of perceived self-efficacy promotion program on knowledge and behaviors of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) prevention in Type 2 diabetes using Bandura's self-efficacy theory. The sample was divided into two groups: 1) 37 participants recruited into the experimental group received a 6-weeks self-efficacy promotion program on knowledge and behavior of CVDs prevention among type 2 diabetes patients and 2) 37 participants recruited into the control group received a usual nursing care program. Data were collected using personal characteristics questionnaire, diabetes knowledge, CVDs risk factors questionnaire, self-efficacy and health behavior on CVDs prevention of Type 2 diabetic patient’s questionnaire. Data were analyzed using percentile, mean, Chi-square, Paired t-test, Independent t-test, Wilcoxon signed rank test and Mann Whitney U test.
The results revealed that after participation in the program, the mean score on knowledge of CVDs risk factors, self-efficacy and health behavior to prevent CVDs of participants in the experimental group were significant higher than before participating in the program and significant higher than the control group (p<.001). Blood pressure, body mass index, and blood sugar of the experimental group were significantly lower than before joining the program (p< .001) as well as significantly lower than the control group (p < .001, p < .05, p <.05 respectively). These findings indicated that the self-efficacy promotion program on knowledge and behavior of CVDs prevention among diabetic patients can be used as a guideline enhancing healthy behavior modification, thereby decreasing blood pressure, body mass index and blood sugar levels, leading to reduce complications and prevent CVDs caused by diabetes.
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