The Development of the care model for children with pneumonia
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Abstract
This research and development study aimed to develop and examine the outcomes of the care model for children with pneumonia. The sample composed of 30 children with pneumonia, 30 caregivers and 34 multidisciplinary staff. The model development consisted of 4 phases: 1) situation analysis 2) development of the care model 3) model implementation and 4) model evaluation. The study instrument was the children with pneumonia’s care model, examined for content validity by 5 experts. Data were collected using 1) interview with multidisciplinary staff and caregivers 2) medical record checklist 3) knowledge test for caregiver and the nurses 4) capability assessment of caregivers and the nurse 5) satisfaction of caregivers and multidisciplinary staff. Data collecting tools were checked for quality using 5 experts and reliability. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, paired t-test and content analysis.
The results showed that the care model for children with pneumonia composed of 4 components: 1) care map for children with pneumonia by multidisciplinary team 2) use of clinical nursing practice guidelines 3) family participation and 4) a 5-steps discharge planning: 4.1) problem and need assessment 4.2) problem diagnosis 4.3) identifying discharge plan using METHOD system 4.4) implementation and 4.5) evaluation. The outcomes evaluation of the care model for children with pneumonia included: 1) decreasing length of hospital stay 1.1 day 2) cost reduction of 2,466.20 baht and 3) no incidents of respiratory failure, unplanned ICU admission and re-admitted within 28 days. After attending the training courses, caregivers were knowledgeable and able to taking care of the patients (p < .01). The satisfaction of caregivers was at the highest level. Knowledge and competency of the nurses after training also was significantly higher than before getting training (P< .01). Satisfaction, s nurses and multidisciplinary healthcare staff were at the highest level.
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