Factors Predicting Gestational Weight Gain among Pregnant Women with High Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index
Keywords:
Gestational Weight Gain, High Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index, Food Consumption Behaviors, Access to Food SourcesAbstract
The objective of this predictive research was to investigate the factors predicting gestational weight gain among pregnant women with high pre-pregnancy body mass index. The sample was 120 singleton pregnant women with high pre-pregnancy BMI, who received antenatal care services at Nakhon Phanom Hospital. The research tools was a questionnaire regarding personal data, food consumption behaviors, physical activity, and food access of pregnant women. The content validity the instrument was verified by 3 experts, yielding index values of 0.89, 0.93 and 0.90, respectively. The values of the questionnaires for reliability on food consumption behaviors and physical activity were calculated by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, obtaining values of 0.84 and 0.82, respectively. Reliability of the questionnaire on food access was analyzed by the Kuder-Richardson formula, yielding a value of 0.80. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation as well as stepwise multiple regression.
The findings showed that food consumption behaviors was the most predictive factor of gestational weight gain among pregnant women with high pre-pregnancy BMI (β=.30, p<.01), followed by access to food source (β=-.19, p<.05). These two variables can together predict the variation in gestational weight gain among pregnant women by 13% (Adjust R2=.13, p<.01). The multiple correlation coefficient was .38 with the standard error of prediction of ± 6.05 (SEest = ±6.05).
The results indicate that it is important to provide care for the pregnant women with high pre-pregnancy BMI. The health team should provide advice on healthy food consumption behavior and healthy food access to help this group of pregnant women to have normal gestational weight gain.
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