The Effects of a Lactation Promotion Program on Milk Ejection and Lactation Time among Mothers with Cesarean Section
Keywords:
Lactation-Promotion Program, Listening to Music, Milk Ejection, Lactation Time, Mothers with Cesarean SectionAbstract
This randomized controlled trial study aimed to determine the effects of a lactation-promotion program combined with music listening activities on milk ejection and lactation time among mothers with cesarean section. The sample group comprised 50 mothers after cesarean section, purposively selected according to inclusion criteria. The control group (n=26) received standard care through blocked randomization by computer, while the experimental group (n=24) received the lactation-promotion program combined with music listening activities. The instruments used in this study were: 1) the intervention instruments, namely a breastfeeding-promotion manual for mothers after cesarean section, as well as music files on a mobile phone and wireless headphones, and 2) the experimental-control instruments, including a self-recording form of listening to music, and 3) three forms for data collection, including the personal data and obstetric record form, the milk ejection assessment form, and the lactation time record form. The milk ejection assessment form and the lactation time record form were content validated by three experts, yielding content validity indices of .80 and 1, respectively. The inter-rater reliability of the milk ejection assessment form was tested in 10 mothers after cesarean section yielding a value of .80. The data were analyzed using percentages, mean, and standard deviation. The hypotheses were tested using one-way repeated ANOVA measures, pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni correction, and independent t-test statistics.
The results showed that the mothers after cesarean section who received the lactation-promotion program combined with music listening had mean scores of milk ejection after intervention at 24, 48, and 72 hours significantly higher than the control group (F = 504.08, p < .001) and the mean score of lactation time were significantly shorter than the control group for 14 hours (p < .001).
The results demonstrated that the lactation-promotion program combined with listening to music could promote milk ejection and help shorten lactation time. Thus nurses should apply this program to promote and support successful breastfeeding in mothers after cesarean section
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