Factors Associated with Clinical Outcomes after Receiving High-flow Nasal Cannula Treatment in COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Study
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Abstract
The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate factors associated with clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure treated with high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in Somdech Phra Pinklao hospital. The data were collected from medical records between February 1st, 2021 and July 31st, 2021. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, Independent t-test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used to identify factors associated with clinical outcomes. A total of 113 COVID-19 patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure who had been treated with HFNC were included, 51.3% of these were HFNC success, and 48.7% were HFNC failure. In the failure group, the analysis of the demographic factors revealed that mean age, underlying disease, hypertension, and obesity were higher than in the success group. In addition, the analysis of physical examination and laboratory factors showed that the respiratory rate and lymphocyte count were higher than in the success group. In contrast, WBC count and diastolic blood pressure were lower. In the failure group, we found that the length of stay was shorter, and the survival-to-discharge rate was lower compared to those in the success group with statistical significance at the .05 level (p < .05). In conclusion, clinical and risk assessment may help optimize patient selection for HFNC use in the COVID-19 patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.
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