The Effect of Self-efficacy Program on Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Skills among Fourth-grade Elementary School Students in Bangkok Metropolitan Area
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to compare the average score of knowledge, self-efficacy and basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) skills of fourth-grade elementary school students in Bangkok Metropolitan area. A cluster-random sample of 66 students was divided into an experimental group (n = 32) and a control group (n = 34). The experimental group received three-week activities and intervention procedures, administered weekly. The program was created by the researcher which consisted of lectures, video clips, modeling, group discussions, basic CPR and Automated External Defibrillator (AED) skills training. The control group received health education and video clips. Data was collected in the pre-post and follow-up period using a knowledge questionnaire, self-efficacy questionnaire, basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills questionnaire. The content validity index (CVI) of the entire questionnaire was 0.80, with a reliability of 0.72, 0.71, and 0.72, respectively. Data were analyzed using repeated two-way ANOVA and independent t-test. After the intervention and evaluation phases were completed, the experimental group achieved a higher average score of knowledge, self-efficacy and basic CPR skills than the control group, with statistical significance (p < .001). Within the experimental group for each period, there was a statistical difference in knowledge score (F = 71.094, p < .001), self-efficacy (F = 44.260, p < .001), and basic CPR skills (F = 632.114, p < .001). This program provides students with the necessary knowledge, awareness and skills to perform CPR. The program should be continually implemented annually and be available to other student groups to disseminate knowledge and skills to advance policy change and establish curriculum teaching at elementary schools throughout the country.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Georgiou M, Lockey AS. ERC initiatives to reduce the burden of cardiac arrest: The European Cardiac Arrest Awareness Day. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2013;27(3):307-15.
Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ, Cushman M, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics 2015 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2015;131:e29-322.
SCA Foundation. AHA Releases 2015 heart and stroke statistics. [Internet]. [cited 2019 April 27]. Available from: http://www. sca-aware.org/sca-news/aha-releases-2015-heart-and-stroke-statistics.
Sasson C, Rogers MA, Dahl J, Kellermann AL. Predictors of survival from out of hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta –analysis. Circ Cardiovasc Quality Outcomes 2010;3(1):63-81.
Strategy and Planning Group Bureau of Non-communicable Diseases. Annual report 2015, Bureau of Non-communicable Diseases, Department Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health. Bangkok: Printing Office; The War Veterans Organization of Thailand; 2016. (in Thai).
American Heart Association. AHA guidelines update for CPR and ECC. [Internet]. [cited 2019 April 27]. Available from: https://eccguidelines.heart.org/index.php/circulation/cpr-ecc-guidelines-2.
Wannasri S, Tantalanukul S, Nawsuwan K. The effect of coaching program on basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation education for elementary school students, Nitiwit school, Nan province. Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Uttaradit Journal 2018; Suppl August - October:111-23. (in Thai).
Partiprajak S. Relationship between knowledge, perceived self-efficacy in basic life support (BLS) and chest compression performance among undergraduate nursing students. Songklanagarind Journal of Nursing 2015;35(1):119-34. (in Thai).
Ubol L, Prasopkittikun T, Srichantaranit A, Vijarnsorn C. Basic life support training via video CD for caregivers of pediatric patients at risk for cardiopulmonary arrest. J Nurse Sci 2016;34(3):66-78. (in Thai).
Chaisongmuang P, Pearkao C. Effect of basic first aid to sudden cardiac arrest program on knowledge and skill of high-school students in provincial secondary school in the Northeastern. In: Academic Conference, Research Presentation, National and International Graduate Studies; March 10, 2017. Pote Sarasin Building, Khon Kaen University; 2017. (in Thai).
Tippayanate N, Chaiyaprom K, Chanabutr W. Comparison of the effectiveness of CPR training between the brief VDO training and traditional training in the group of secondary school student in Mahasarakham province. J Sci Technol MSU 2018;37(4):470-7. (in Thai).
Baunoo W. Effectiveness of telephone cardiopulmonary resuscitation program for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of senior high school students. Journal of Professional Routine to Research 2019;6(August):1-11. (in Thai).
Andrew L, Katherine B, Heather Y. Opportunities and barriers to cardiopulmonary resuscitation training in English secondary schools. European Journal of Emergency Medicine 2015;23(5):381-5.
Kitamura T, Kiyohara K, Sakai T, Matsuyama T, Hatakeyama T, Shimamoto T, et al. Public-access defibrillation and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Japan. The New England Journal of Medicine 2016;375:1649-59.
Buathongjun J, Teerawatskul S, Suttineam U. Effect of basic life support program on basic life support competency in the supporting staff of Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Bangkok. Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Uttaradit Journal 2018;10(1):69-82. (in Thai).
Palitponkarnpim P. Top tips to improve children. 2nd ed. Bangkok: Praew Puen Dek; 2560. (in Thai).
Bandura A. Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review 1977;84:(2):191-215.
Twisk JWR. Applied longitudinal data analysis for epidemiology: a practical guide. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2003.
Chaiyasatarn E, Julladit A. The effect of teaching program in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) through video toward the knowledge level of Mathayomsuksa III students of Sirirattanathon school. Research and Development Journal Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University 2020;12(2):211-6. (in Thai).
Thiphayanate N, Chanabut W, ToanSao C, Chayaprom K. Development of health volunteer competency for high school students (immigration) in basic resuscitation among secondary school students, Maha Sarakham province. In: National Conference of Health Science Research 2016; January 16-17, 2016. Samphoa Chusri, Chiang Rai: School of Health Sciences Mae Fah Luang University. p. 30-8. (in Thai).
Apiratanawong S, Piyakong D, Pongrangsarn P, Piyasiripan N, Khamboon T, Pothimas N, et al. The effects of a basic life support program on knowledge and attitude toward basic life support among high school students. Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences 2019;12(3):146-57. (in Thai).
Sasang N, Chusak T, Samee A. Effect of the resuscitation training program on knowledge and skills and perceived self-efficacy of resuscitation village health volunteers in Khlong Chik subdistrict, Bang Pra in district, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya province. Journal of The Royal Thai Army Nurses 2020;21(3):283-93. (in Thai).
Engkapasakorn M, Sithisarankul P. Evaluation of maritime and aquatic life support course. Royal Thai Navy Medical Journal 2020;47(3):610-24. (in Thai).
Broomfield R. A quasi - experimental research to investigate the retention of basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills and knowledge by qualified nurse following a course in professional development. J Adv Nurs 1996;23(5):1016-23.