Factors Predicting Pneumonia in Stroke Patients: A Systematic Review
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Abstract
Pneumonia is a common complication in stroke patients, affecting both the patients and add care burden, and may cause mortality. This systematic review intended to review and synthesize knowledge on factors predicting pneumonia in stroke patients, draw evidence-based conclusions, and guide the development of a nursing model to prevent pneumonia in stroke patients. Search strategies included full-text articles, used logistic regression statistics, both national and international nursing journals and health science research databases, and published during 2010 - 2019.
There were 17 studies recruited in this review. The factors predicting pneumonia in stroke patients can be classified into personal predictors and health predictors. Personal predictors included age and gender. Health predictors consisted of dysphagia, atrial fibrillation, consciousness level assessed by the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), stroke severity assessed by the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), the level of disability assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), co-morbidities, stroke subtype, smoking, alcohol consumption, days of ventilator use, tracheostomy tube, and feeding tube insertion.
This systematic review suggests that nurses should be aware and assess factors predicting pneumonia in stroke patients and develop guidelines for pneumonia prevention in stroke patients considering the predictors.
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