Development of an Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patient Screening Process at the Outpatient Department of a General Hospital
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Abstract
Effective screening of suspected active pulmonary tuberculosis patients at the outpatient department (OPD) can help prevent tuberculosis transmission in the hospital. The aims of this study were to develop and evaluate the efficiency of a suspected active pulmonary tuberculosis patients screening process at the OPD of a general hospital by using the Appreciation-Influence-Control (AIC) technique. The study was conducted from March to June 2020. The participants included 30 nurses who worked at the OPD, of these, 10 participated in the screening process development and all performed the screening process on patients. The research instruments consisted of an action plan of screening process from the AIC technique, a TB screening form proposed by the Bureau of Tuberculosis, Department of Disease Control at the Ministry of Public Health and the satisfaction questionnaire towards the screening process from Content Validity Index 0.91. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and calculation of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the screening.
The results of this study revealed that the screening process consisted of important steps, interviewing to determine the symptoms of the patients, isolating the patients, a fast tract system, and reporting the results of radiology and laboratory investigations to the physician. The developed screening process has the sensitivity and specificity levels of 83.33% and 99.29%, respectively. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 14.92% and 99.97%, respectively. Satisfaction with the screening process in terms of convenience of compliance and the benefits obtained were at the highest level. Operational aspects in terms of continuation of performance and suitable duration were at a high level. The developed screening process for active pulmonary tuberculosis patients can be applied for screening suspected active pulmonary tuberculosis patients at the OPD.
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