The Effects of Empowerment Program on Knowledge toward Colostomy Care and Self-care Ability in Patients undergoing Colostomy Surgery and Families
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Abstract
This is a quasi-experimental study with two group posttest design. The study purpose was to determine the effects of the empowerment program in patients who underwent colostomy surgery and family caregivers on knowledge and self-care ability regarding colostomy care, using Gibson's empowerment model. The research sample were 46 patients who underwent colostomy surgery and admitted at the male surgery wards in Udonthani hospital and 46 family caregivers, a total of 92 patients. The patients and family caregivers were equally allocated, 23 participants in each group, to the experimental group and the control group by purposive sampling. The experimental group received the empowerment program while the control group received usual care. Data were collected from August 2020 to January 2021. The research instruments were: 1) the empowerment program and a manual of self-care guidelines on colostomy care; and 2) the questionnaires for knowledge assessment and self-care ability in patients and family caregivers. The reliability of the questionnaires for knowledge assessment in patients and family caregivers regarding colostomy care was examined using Kuder-Richardson Formula 20, with the values of 0.83 and 0.85, respectively. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaires for self-care ability in patients and family caregivers, with the values of 0.94 and 0.96, respectively. The differences between the two groups were analyzed using independent T tests. A p-value of < .05 was considered statistically significant.
The findings revealed that the patients and family caregivers who received the empowerment program had significantly higher mean scores for knowledge on colostomy care and self-care ability (p < .001) compared to those who received the usual care. This study indicates that the empowerment program can improve knowledge and self-care ability among patients who underwent colostomy surgery as well as their family caregivers. The surgical service departments could apply this empowerment program for improving the quality of care among patients undergoing colostomy surgery.
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