The Effects of Self-management Support Program on Knowledge, Exercise Behavior, Number of Steps, and Hemoglobin A1C among Type 2 Diabetes Patients
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Abstract
This quasi-experimental research aimed to examine the effects of a self-management support program on knowledge, exercise behavior, number of steps and hemoglobin A1C blood sugar among type II diabetes mellitus patients. Seventy type II diabetes patients with 7 to 9 percent of hemoglobin A1C were equally randomized-divided into either the treatment or a control group. Thirty-five type II diabetes mellitus patients were in each group. The treatment group was intervened through self-management support program, while the control group received standard care. Research tools consist of four parts: self-management support program, questionnaires-consist of general characteristics, knowledge and exercise behavior questioners, pedometer and hemoglobin A1C examination. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, compare mean of knowledge, exercise behavior, number of step and hemoglobin A1C blood sugar between treatment and control group by using independent samples t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA. The results showed that post-intervention and follow up period after 28 weeks of self-management program, the average scores of knowledge, exercise behavior and number of steps were higher than the average scores of pre-intervention and control group (p < .05); and the average scores of hemoglobin A1C in follow up period after 28 weeks in the experimental group was lower than the pre-intervention and the control group (p < .05.). The finding of this study indicated that the self-management support program had outcomes which could help the type II diabetes patients to modify exercise behavior and a number of steps, could improve knowledge, and reduce hemoglobin A1C level. Therefore, health care providers can apply the self-management support program to promote knowledge, modifying behavior of type II diabetic patient group in other area.
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