Model of Care for Pregnant Adolescents
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Abstract
This thematic paper aimed at reviewing research evidence-based on model of care for pregnant adolescents. A total of 13 research evidence-based studies were selected. Of these, one was a meta-analysis of experimental studies (Level 3), three were quasi-experimental studies (Level 5), five were retrospective studies (Level 5), two were observational studies (Level 5), and two were prospective studies (Level 5). The selected research studies were evaluated and synthesized. The study findings regarding model of care for pregnant adolescents were as follows: 1) The programs continuously disseminated knowledge during pregnancy on self-care practices and care of the fetus by offering consultancy based on individuals’ problems, 2) Continuous and comprehensive care was provided by a multi-disciplinary team by specifying the care guideline, knowledge dissemination, and roles of healthcare team members based on their specialization, 3) The antenatal care clinics/ programs were established to solve problems related to health risk behaviors and psychosocial risks with an emphasis on screening and problem-solving together with provision of information and counseling specifically to problems of individual pregnant adolescents, and 4) Caring was continuously offered by case managers who ensure continuity of care from pregnancy to delivery periods. The review showed that antenatal care programs for pregnant adolescents resulted in positive pregnancy outcomes and desirable behaviors during the postpartum period.
Based on the study findings, it is recommended that model of care for pregnant adolescents should be continuously provided by case managers in collaboration with multidisciplinary team members to assess problems related to physical well-being, psycho-social well-being, and risk behaviors of pregnant adolescents. Moreover, information and advice should be offered to cover all stages of the pregnancy in accordance with problems of each pregnant adolescents. Advice should also be given to ensure appropriate practice during the postpartum period. Finally, a continuous care guideline should be developed, and training on case management should be organized to ensure quality of care provided to pregnant adolescents.
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