The Application of Health Belief Model on Food Consumption among Pre – Hypertension Group in Khlong Hoi khong District, Songkhla Province
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Abstract
Background: The main purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to determine the application of Health Belief Model on food consumption among pre-hypertension group in Khlong Hoi Khong District, Songkhla Province.
Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental research. A sample of 83 people consisted of the experimental group 37 people, the control group 36 people. All of them aged between 35-59 years. Instrument of this study included questionnaires, hypertensive lesson, pressure measuring demonstration and reverse demo, role model, cooperation for planning to sought a way for health problem solving, analysis of sweet and salty foods, cooking demonstration by applying DASH guidelines, measuring the salinity in the food. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics including frequency distribution, percentage, mean and standard deviation, range and median, and the inferential statistics including Paired t-test, Independent t-test, Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed Ranks Test, Mann - Whitney U test.
Results: The study showed that scores of knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and perceived benefits about hypertension and food consumption behavior between the experimental and control groups were significantly different (p-value <0.001). however, perceived barriers were not significantly different between groups (p-value = 0.116). Moreover, at post-test reported BMI among the experimental groups and control group were 25.4 (SD= 4.6) Kg/m2 and 26.7 (SD= 7) Kg/m2, respectively. Furthermore, at post-test 35.2% of experimental groups had normal blood pressure levels (80-84 and /or 120-129 mm Hg) while, 41.7% of the control group had a higher than normal (85-89 and/or 130-139 mm Hg).
Conclusions: This study suggests implementing community assessment for planning lessons or design activities that as an important tool for changing food consumption behavior
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