Factors Associated with Mortality in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Wave of January 2022 in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province
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Abstract
Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has significantly impacted healthcare systems worldwide due to its severity and potential for fatal outcomes. Understanding the factors associated with patient mortality is crucial for formulating effective surveillance policies and interventions.
Methods: In this retrospective analytical study, we examined mortality trends and factors related to patient deaths in COVID-19 cases from January to April 2022 in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province. The study included 4,328 patients, with 83 deceased and 4,245 non-deceased individuals admitted to 63 hospitals. Data were sourced from the CO-Ward system database of the Ministry of Public Health. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data, presenting results with odds ratios and a 95% confidence interval.
Results: The study revealed statistically significant factors associated with mortality (p<0.05). Male gender (OR 2.12, 95% CI= 1.339-3.290), age ≥ 60 years (OR 6.01, 95% CI= 3.587-10.064), presence of underlying diseases such as hypertension (OR 2.00, 95% CI= 1.294-3.090), hyperlipidemia (OR 2.18, 95% CI= 1.328-3.573), stroke (OR 2.36, 95% CI= 1.202-4.628), tuberculosis (OR 5.45, 95% CI = 1.627-18.266), COPD (OR 11.50, 95% CI= 5.999-25.455), HIV (OR 7.91, 95% CI= 2.704-23.139), and Parkinson's disease (OR 104.79, 95% CI= 9.407-1,167.315) were all identified as significant mortality factors. Additionally, mortality risk increased with the presence of 2 comorbidities (OR 10.42, 95% CI= 4.471-24.270) or 3 or more diseases (OR 4.33, 95% CI= 1.877-9.984). Incomplete vaccination (OR 4.15, 95% CI= 1.959-8.809) and non-vaccination (OR 6.26, 95% CI= 3.922-9.983) were also associated with higher mortality rates.
Conclusions: The effective measures to prevent COVID-19 related deaths must encompass proactive policies, expedited vaccinations, and targeted surveillance for high-risk groups. A well-structured service system with interdisciplinary collaboration will ensure rapid diagnosis and efficient care, while continuous supervision will enhance healthcare outcomes during outbreaks in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province.
Keywords: Factors Associated with Mortality, Coronavirus disease 2019
Correspondent author to Oraphan Khongsrichay; E-mail: kukmungmee@gmail.com
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
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