The Developmental Situations of Preschool Children in Semi-Urban Communities of Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province: A Case Study of Child Development Centers Under Local Administrative Organizations

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the developmental status of preschool children in a semi-urban community in Khon Kaen Province, Thailand. The sample consisted of 180 children aged 3 to 5 years enrolled in early childhood development centers under local administrative organizations in Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province. Participants were selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected from July to September 2024, using the Developmental Surveillance and Promotion Manual (DSPM) to assess developmental progress at each age level. Statistical analysis included frequency and percentage.

The results revealed that 55% (n = 99) of preschool children exhibited suspected developmental delays, while 45% (n = 81) demonstrated age-appropriate development. Fine motor delays were the most prevalent at 42.78% (n = 77), followed by delays in receptive language (15.56%, n = 28), personal-social skills (10.55%, n = 19), gross motor skills (8.33%, n = 15), and expressive language (6.67%, n = 12). Three-year-olds were most affected by fine motor delays compared to other age groups. These findings underscore the importance of implementing targeted activities to promote developmental progress in preschool children. Parents and caregivers should focus on activities that enhance fine motor skills. Furthermore, local administrative organizations should provide training for teachers and caregivers to improve their knowledge of child development assessments and age-appropriate interventions. Strengthening collaboration with parents is essential to support sustained developmental progress at home.