Nursing Care for Diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA) c̅ Severe metabolic acidosis: Case study intensive care unit Khon Kaen Hospital

Abstract

This study aimed to compare nursing care provided to two patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) admitted to the medical intensive care unit at Khon Kaen Hospital from September 2022 to December 2023. Data were collected through observation, patient and relative interviews, and review of inpatient medical records. The focus of data collection was on symptoms, signs, treatments, and nursing care during the critical period. The results revealed common nursing care problems for both patients, including: 1) High blood sugar levels and metabolic acidosis due to insulin deficiency, 2) Electrolyte and water imbalance from excessive urination, 3) Risk of hypoglycemia from insulin administration, 4) Risk of hypoxemia due to gas exchange impairment, 5) Ineffective sputum clearance from endotracheal intubation, 6) Risk of malnutrition due to inadequate caloric intake, 7) Inability to communicate verbally due to the endotracheal tube, 8) Decreased ability for self-care due to critical illness, 9) Concerns about the illness, and 10) Changes in daily living patterns due to crical illness. Therefore, the important nursing process in this phase is 1. Taking care of receiving insulin injections into the body Taking care of adequate fluid replacement 3. Monitoring for complications such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, etc. If patients can access treatment quickly, it will increase their chance of survival. Keywords: nursing, diabetic ketoacidosis, Assessment Health status according to the FANCAS framework, case study