ผลของรูปแบบการพยาบาลเพื่อเตรียมผู้ป่วยผ่าตัดต้อกระจก ต่อความวิตกกังวล ความร่วมมือในการผ่าตัด และอัตราการงดหรือเลื่อนผ่าตัด

Siriruk  Meesook; Wiyada  Wongmukda; Jarintorn Koteprom; Nadhamon  Jompaeng

Authors

Siriruk Meesook Mukdahan Hospital
Wiyada Wongmukda Mukdahan Hospital
Jarintorn Koteprom Boromarajonani College of Nursing Nakhon Phanom, Nakhon Phanom University
Nadhamon Jompaeng Boromarajonani College of Nursing Nakhon Phanom, Nakhon Phanom University

Keywords:

cataract surgery, anxiety, intraoperative cooperation, surgery cancellation rates, preoperative preparation nursing model

Abstract

Preoperative anxiety among patients undergoing cataract surgery represents a significant clinical concern as it may impair intraoperative cooperation and contribute to surgery cancellation or postponement. This quasi-experimental study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured preoperative nursing intervention, the Information-Preparation-Decrease Anxiety and Complication (IPD) model, in reducing anxiety levels, improving intraoperative cooperative behaviors, and decreasing surgery cancellation rates. A total of 60 patients scheduled for cataract surgery at Mukdahan Hospital were recruited through purposive sampling and assigned to an experimental group (n = 30) receiving the IPD model and a control group (n = 30) receiving routine care. Research instruments included the IPD model protocol and an intraoperative cooperation assessment form (with content validity indexes (CVI) of 0.92 and 0.90, respectively), as well as the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) and the cooperation assessment form (which demonstrated reliability coefficients of 0.90 and 0.89, respectively), and the hospital’s standard records for surgery cancellations and postponements. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, independent sample t-tests, paired sample t-tests, and Fisher’s exact tests.

The study revealed that, after the intervention, the experimental group’s mean anxiety score significantly decreased, whereas no significant change was observed in the control group. Post-intervention between-group comparisons indicated that the experimental group had significantly lower anxiety scores and higher intraoperative cooperation scores than the control group. Regarding the surgery cancellation or postponement rate, although the difference was not statistically significant, it was clinically significant as no cancellations occurred in the experimental group while a 13.33% cancellation rate was observed in the control group. In conclusion, the IPD Model is effective in reducing anxiety and enhancing patient cooperation. It is recommended that nursing practices be developed emphasizing local dialect communications, simulation-based training, and proactive risk screening via telenursing systems. These strategies aim to elevate the efficiency of operating room management and promote optimal treatment outcomes.

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